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Glycolysis,Gluconeogenesis The citric acid cycle (Glycolysis (muscle:…
Glycolysis,Gluconeogenesis The citric acid cycle
Gluconeogenesis
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3 irreversible steps
Fructose 6-phosphate + ATP -> fructose 1,6-bisphosphate + ADP (Phosphofructokinase)
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The conversion of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate into fructose 6-phosphate and orthphosphate is an irreversible step
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Glycolysis
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3 carbon units are oxidized to pryuvate, generate ATP
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- Ethanol is formed to pyruvate in yeast and several other microorganisms
- Lactase is formed from pyruvate in the process called lactic acid fermentation
- More energy is extracted aerobically from the citric acid cycle and the electron-transport chain
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The Citric acid cycle
oxidizes 2 carbon units, produce 2 CO2, 1 ATP and high transfer-potential electrons
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2 stages
- Oxidizes 2 carbon atoms to gather energy-rich electrons
- regenerates oxaloacetate and harvest energy-rich electrons