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Gamelan Music of Indonesia (Gamelan (three different gamelan cultures in…
Gamelan Music of Indonesia
Gamelan
a set of musical instruments consisting of tuned gongs and metallophones
three different gamelan cultures in Indonesia
Central Jva
Mainly Muslim
Western Java
Mainly Muslim
Bali
mainly Hindu
based on Hindu mythology
divided into measures of four beats
keteg (each group of four beats)
fourth beat is considered to be the strongest
complex texture
Gamelan scales
Slendro
five-note scale
considered to be attempt to divide the octave into five equal intervals
sounds similar to some Western- noted versions
Pelog
seven notes scale
not all equidistant
Instruments groups
group 1: Balungan instruments
play the nuclear theme
saron famiy
single octave metallophones played with a wooden mallet
saron panerus
high octave saron
saron barung
middle octave
saron demung
low octave
slentem
an octave below saron demung
group 2: Interpunctuating instruments
gong family
gong ageng
largest
sounds like the ring and echo of a large gong
kenong
smaller
kempyang
a pair of small, high pitched horizontal gongs
ketuk
a pair of flatter gongs
sounds immediately damped
divide nuclear theme into phrases
group 3: Panerusan instruments
play a melody based on decorations and embellishments of the nuclear theme
gender family
thin bronze keys suspended played with disc-headed stick
has a range of two-and-a-haif octaves
gender panerus
highest
gender barung
octave lower
bonang family
consists of two sets of gong-chimes, each with a range of two octaves
played with padded sticks
bonang panerus
octave higher than barung
bonang barung
gambang kayu
wooden-keyed xylophone with a three- and-a-half octave range
more mellow sound than western xylophone
celempung
strings are plucked
rabab
two-string instrument played with a bow
suling
end-blown flute
group 4: Rhythm instruments
kendang gending
played with both hands
ketipung
smaller
played with both hands
bedug
a large barrel-shaped drum beaten with sticks
keprak
wood blocks
sounds like crack of wood blocks
kekrek
metal plates
kecer
small cymbals
sounds like echo produced