Oral Cavity & Pharynx (Week4)

Muscles & Innervation

Oral Cavity

Tongue

Extrinsic

Styloglossus (Back; Retrude)

Hyoglossus (Bottom; Depress)

Genioglossus (Front; Protrude)

Intrinsic

Transverse

Longitudinal

Soft Palate

  • Posterior 1/3, Hard palate anterior 2/3
  • Mucoperiosteum (no submucosa)

Tensor Palatini (CN5c)

Levator Palatini

Palatoglossus

Palatopharyngeus

Muscular Uvulae

Boundaries Cavity)

Oral Cavity

  • Space btwn lips & cheek ext

Oral Vestibule

  • Between teeth and lips/cheek

Oropharynx

  • Palatopharyngeal Fold
  • Soft Palate

Epithelium of Hard Palate

Mucoperiosteum (No submucosa)

Movement:

  • Depresses soft palate
  • Lifts up tongue

All by Pharyngeal Plexus

  • Except Tensor Palatini (CN5c)
    • CN9,
    • CN10
    • CN11 (Cranial)
    • Super cervical ganglion (Sympathetic)

All by Hypoglossal CN12

  • Except Palatoglossal (Pharyngeal Plexus)

Floor (hyoids)

  • Near ear = Facial
  • Near floor = Trigeminal

Genohyoid

  • Nerve: Ansa Cervicalis

Mylohyoid

  • Nerve: Trigeminal, (5c)

Diagastric (Early 5c)

Anterior belly

  • Trigeminal, (5c)
  • Cause dislocation of TMJ with Lateral Pterygoid

Posterior belly

  • Nerve: Facial Nerve (7)

Innervation / Blood Supply

Arterial Palate

  • ECA
    • Maxillary
      • Sphenopalatine
      • Greater palatine
      • Lesser palatine
    • Facial
      • Ascending palatine
    • Asc. Pharyngeal

Stylohyoid - Nerve: Facial Nerve (7)

Superior Longitudinal

Inferior Longitudinal

Oropharynx

Constrictor

Longitudinal (All insert into posterior Thyroid Cartilage)

Palatopharyngeus

  • Origin: Hard palate
  • Insertion: Upper border of Thyroid Cartilage
  • Nerve: Pharyngeal Plexus

Salpingopharyngeus

  • Open the Eustachian tube
  • Raise Pharynx & Larynx during deglutition
  • Origin: Cartilage of tubal elevation
  • Insertion: Upper boarder of thyroid cartilage
  • Nerve: Pharyngeal Plexus

Stylopharyngeus:

  • Origin: Styloid Process of Temporal Bone
  • Insertion: Posterior boarder of Thyroid Cartilage
  • Nerve: Glossopharyngeal CN9

Superior

Middle

Inferior

Vertical

Oral Cavity Proper

  • Internal to teeth

Palatoglossus (Top; Elevate)

Superior/Roof: Hard palate (Palatine & Maxilla)
Posterosuperior: Soft palate
Lateral: Cheek
Inferior/Floor: Lingual border mandible

Movement:

  • Depresses soft palate
  • Lifts up pharynx

Nerve Supply

Arterial Floor

  • ECA
    • Facial
      • Ascending palatine
      • Submental
    • Lingual

Teeth

Palatoglossal fold (Boundary)

Miscellanous

Waldeyer's Ring

  • (1) Pharyngeal Tonsil
  • (x2) Tubal Tonsil
  • (x2) Palatine Tonsil (CN9 & CN5b)
  • (1) Lingual Tonsil (CN9)

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Mandibular Foramen

  • IAA / IAV / IAN

Arterial Teeth

  • ECA
    • Maxillary Artery
      • Superior Alveolar Arteries
      • Inferior Alveolar Arteries

Nerves Teeth

Maxillary Teeth

  • Trigeminal
    • Maxillary Division
      • Infraorbital Nerve
      • Superior Alveolar

Mandibular Teeth

  • Trigeminal
    • Mandibular Division
      • Inferior Alveolar

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Tubal Elevation / Eustachian Tube Opening:

  • Salphingopharyngeal Fold
  • Leveator Palatini (Going into Eustachian) aka Torus Levatorius
  • Pharynx into Middle Ear

Salivary Glands

Sublingual Gland

  • Opening: Near Lingual Frenulum

Submandibular Gland

  • Opening: Near Lingual Frenulum

Parotid Gland

  • Opening: Upper 2nd Molar

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Associated Muscles (Swallowing / Yawning)

  • Tensor Palatini (Opens Eustachian by 5c)
  • Levator Palatini (Doesn't rly open by Plexus)
  • Salphingopharyngeus (Plexus)
  • Tensor Tympan (5c)

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Pharyngeal Plexus

  • CN10 (Main)
  • CN9
  • Superior Cervical Ganglion
  • CN11 (Cranial)

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Obsecure Shit

  • Piriform Recess
  • Vallecula

Greater Lesser Palatine Foramen (Lesser Posterior)

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