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The Rise of the Civil War (1830 The number of liberated slaves in the…
The Rise of the Civil War
1830
The number of
liberated
slaves in the North grows from 130,000 to 200,000; David Walker, the son of a local Boston slave, writes a pamphlet called
Walker's Appeal
, urging other slaves to fight against their captors
1822
Free African-American Denmark Vesey tries to launch a rebellion in South Carolina, but is arrested and hanged with 34 others
1821
Mexico wins its independence from Spain
1811
Slaves in New Orleans
revolt
against their captors because of the law of
segregation
1808
The U.S. government makes importing new slaves illegal because of all of the
prosperous
earnings the U.S. had already made
1803
Thomas Jefferson buys the Louisiana Purchase: Arkansas, Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, Oklahoma, Nebraska, parts of Louisiana, South Dakota, Wyoming, Montana, and Colorado, as well as Northern Texas and Canadian provinces like Alberta and Saskatchewan
1790
Slavery begins to grow in American with slaves arriving in
fetters
. Many rich natives begin to
exploit
slavery by using it for their own financial gains
1831
Plantation slave Nat Turner
rallies
about 70 other slaves to march from plantation to plantation and kill dozens of white locals. They are eventually arrested and
lynched
by white soldiers
1836
Texas, the "Lone Star State"
secedes
from Mexico with the help of the U.S. Jefferson F. Long is also born on March 3rd in Knoxville, Georgia
1845
Texas is added to the U.S
.
1846
Presidential
expansionist
James Polk orders General Zachary Taylor and his troops to move into Mexican territory so they can start a war to complete the U.S.'s
Manifest Destiny
, gaining control of the Bear State, California. Colonel Ethan Allen Hitchcock writes about these events and calls them a
pretext
into starting a war with Mexic
o
1846
Many writers and poets such as John L. O'Sullivan and Walt Whitman voice their agreements in the
providence
for the War with Mexico as a way to increase the
capitalism
of the U.S, while writers and poets James Russell Lowell, Henry David Thoreau, and Horace Greeley state that the war is unnecessary and cruel. Ohio congressman Joshua Giddings also shares with Congress how the war was all a scheme to gain more territory
1846
The Wilmot Proviso, a piece of legislation created by David Wilmot, is proposed at the end of the War with Mexico, but it causes a lot of discomfort from Congress. Wilmot spends 2 years fighting for his plan, and even tries to attach it to the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
1847
Many American soldiers
desert
the U.S. because of the better pay Mexico is offering. However, U.S. troops capture General Santa Anna, and take control of Santa Fe without a battle
1847
U.S. soldiers surrender the city of Los Angeles to Mexican
guerrilla
fighters, but recover it in December
1848
Mexico surrenders to the U.S. after losing the battle of Mexico City, but the U.S. only takes a allotted portion of territory of what they originally hoped to gain. They sign the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, and all American soldiers who showed
civil disobedience
and
sedition
are punished after returning to the U.S.
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1864
Lincoln is re-elected as President of the U.S.
1863
Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation which ordered slaves to be freed in the Southern States
1862
President Abraham Lincoln
abolishes
slavery in Washington, D.C.
1861
The Civil War begins. On April 12, 1861, Confederate warships turned back the supply convoy to Fort Sumter and opened a 34-hour bombardment on the stronghold. The garrison surrendered on April 14. Also, historian John Hope Franklin predicts that a quarter of a million slaves were imported into the U.S. before the civil war began
1860
Abraham Lincoln is elected President of the U.S. along with a Republican congress
1859
Mutineer
John Brown cut his teeth as a killer as an anti-slavery “Jayhawker” during Bleeding Kansas. In mid-October of 1859, the crusading abolitionist organized a small band of white allies and free blacks and raided a government arsenal in Harpers Ferry, Virginia. He hoped to seize weapons and distribute them to Southern slaves in order to spark a wracking series of slave uprisings. Although Brown captured the arsenal, he was quickly surrounded and forced to surrender by soldiers under the command of Colonel Robert E. Lee
1857
Dred Scott was a Virginia slave who tried to sue for his freedom in court. Dred Scott believed that it was an
injustice
that he was not given his freedom even having lived in the North for many years. The case eventually rose to the level of the Supreme Court, under President Andrew Jackson and Judge John Harlan, where the justices found that, as a slave, Dred Scott was a piece of property that had none of the legal rights or recognitions afforded to a human being
1865
Confederate president Jefferson Davis tries to sign a law that would allow African-Americans to join the Confederacy, but fails. The Civil War ends, and Lincoln is assassinated
1866
Dozens innocent African-Americans are killed by white soldiers in Memphis, Tennessee. Jefferson Long starts to promote literacy among African-Americans
1867
Racial violence begins in Kentucky, with African-Americans yelling
slogans
that speak of unhappiness and defiance. Jefferson Long joins the Georgia Educational Association and begins to protect African-American
s
1868
Congress delayed Georgia re-entry into Union because they didn't ratify the 14th Amendment. Republicans and Conservatives then expelled 29 legally elected African-American members. Congress would only allow Georgia re-entry if they reseated African-American members and ratified the 15th Amendment
1869
Jefferson Long serves on the Republican on the state committee and becomes a leader in the Georgia Labor Convention. He also rallies a group of African-Americans to protest the elections, but 4 protesters were killed by white soldiers. Long then ran for Congress and defeated his opponen
t
1869
As a Congressman, he fought for the writes of African-Americans. He spoke before the House on a bill that exempted some members from swearing allegiance to the Constitution, and accused many congressmen of being involved with the Ku Klux Klan. His term was only 3 months
1871
Racial violence begins to decline in Kentucky after the Freedman's Bureau steps in to stop the fighting. Jefferson Long leaves Congress and returns to his tailoring business, and stays involved in politics. However he became against white senators of Congress and encouraged African-Americans to vote for Democrats instead of Republicans
1877
The Republican party tries to elect Rutherford Hayes as president so that they can move Union troops out of the South
1900
Congress passes laws that prevent African-Americans in the South from voting. Journalist Thomas Fortune and W.E.B. Du Bois discuss the injustice of being an African-American
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