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HISTORY GCSE ELIZABETHAN ENGLAND PART 1 (IMPACT OF RELIGIOUS SETTLEMENT:…
HISTORY GCSE ELIZABETHAN ENGLAND PART 1
ELIZABETHAN
GOVERNMENT
.
Body of people who lived with or near the monarch.
Mostly members of
nobility
ROLE----- entertained and advised the monarch
ROLE---- public display of wealth and power.
COURT :<3:
Privy council
made up of leading courtiers and advisers.
19 members
met at least three times a week and events often presided over by the monarch.
ROLE---- debate current issues and advise monarch
ROLE---- oversaw law and order
Parliament:
House of lords and house of commons.
Grant extraordinary taxation and pass laws.
offered advice.
Lords lieutenant
Chosen by monarch and members of the nobility.
In charge of raising and training local militia.
Oversaw the enforcement of policies.
Part of local government,
Justices of Peace.
Large landowners
kept law and order in local areas
Reported to privy council
Make sure all economic and social policies carried out
Part of local gov
heard county court cases
PROBLEMS WHEN ELIZABETH CAME INTO REIGN
when Elizabeth took reign, England was in 300,000 debt-1558
FRANCE WAS ENGLANDS TRADITIONAL ENEMY
Mary Queen of SCOTS believed to be claimed to the throne.
She was Catholic and could be an alternative to protestant Elizabeth.
Mary had lost calais which was a military base in France and it was also a great trading post.
There was a chance that the catholic France and Spanish (even though they are great rivals) could reunite to go against protestant England.
RELIGIOUS DIVISIONS
ROMAN CATHOLICS
pope is the head of the church
Bible and church should be in LATIN.
Highly decorated churches and priests
7 sacraments
PROTESTANT
NO POPE
Bible in own language
only 2 sacraments
Lots of catholic bishops in 1558.
More remote places tended to be catholic
Elizabeth faced the problem of puritans.
ELIZABETHS RELIGIOUS SETTLEMENT:
1559
ACT OF SUPREMACY
:Elizabeth is supreme governor of the church
oath of alliegance to Elizabeth
ACT OF UNIFORMITY
: Appearance of the church and the form of the services.
ROYAL INJUNCTIONS
: Instructions issued by sir William Cecil about structure of services and how people should worship etc.
Priests should wear special clothing.
Everything on church service made unclear to allow catholics to still interpret things how they want.
IMPACT OF RELIGIOUS SETTLEMENT:
only 1 bishop agreed to oath and Elizabeth had to appoint 27 new ones.
8,000 priests and clergy took the oath.
People were FINED for not going to church.
no one allowed to preach without a license.
Elizabeth made it clear that she didn't want the settlement enthused too strongly.
However sometimes in London, protestants welcomed the settlement with violence such as destruction of ornaments ands statues of saints.
ROLE OF CHURCH
There were visitations and inspection of the churches
1559
priests needed license from the government.
Churches gave guidance to communities.
CONTROVERSY FROM THE RELIGIOUS SETTLEMENT
The crucifix was taken away in most churches as puritan bishops started to disobey the settlement and they threatened to resign.
By 1565, It was clear clergy weren't wearing what Elizabeth wanted but in the end most priests conformed and wore special vestments.