Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Bandura (1961) (Theories (Vicarious reinforcement - See somone being…
Bandura (1961)
Theories
Vicarious reinforcement - See somone being rewarded for their behaviour so you imitate it to gain he same reward
Social Learning Theory - children learn from others around them - observation and imitation of role models
Gender specific learning - replicate same sex model more e.g. aggression is associated with masculinity
-
Basics
Hypothesis 1. Children exposed to aggressive model will show imitative aggressive acts than those non-aggressive 2. Non-agg model - less agg 3. Will imitate same sex model more 4. Boys will present more imitative aggressive acts than girls
Findings in terms of hypothesis - 1. Children in the aggressive model condition produced significantly more aggressive responses (verbal and physical) than the other groups
2. Non-aggressive male model condition displayed less aggressive responses than the other groups
3. Boys in aggressive condition showed more aggressive responses when had male model
4. Boys made more imitative physical aggressive responses
Aim Investigate whether children who witness adults behaving aggressively, will carry out the same behaviour - even if in different scenario and model isn't present
Variables
IV's 1. Behaviour of model - agg, non-agg, no model 2. Sex of the model (m or f) 3. Sex of the child (m or f)
DV's Number of imitative behaviour and aggressive acts displayed by the children in stage 3 of the study 1. Imitation of physical aggression (e.g. hitting bobo doll with mallet) 2. Imitative verbal aggression (e.g. "Pow!" and "Sock him in the nose") 3. Imitative non-aggressive verbal responses (e.g. "He's coming back for more") 4. Also looked at non-aggressive verbal and physical responses
Lab experiment and Matched Pairs Design - with controlled observation Sample - 72 children (36b and 36g) from Stanford University Nursery School, 3-5yrs old, mean 4 1/2 yrs ~ Opportunity sampling
MPD - children were pre-measured on aggression using a four 5 point likert scale (measuring p and v aggression, agg towards objects and agg inhibition) - placed in triplets then placed randomly
-
Aggression - an action intended to cause pain, suffering or damage to another person - verbal/physical
Conditions - 3 - 24 children in each (Agg, non-agg, control)
Qualitative Findings 1. Previous learnt opinions rose during experiment, culturally appropriate behaviour was asked about - e.g. why is that lady acting like a man. 2. The male model fit better with cultural stereotype of appropriate behaviour e.g. "He's a good fighter like daddy"
Conclusions 1. Children imitate aggressive/non-aggressive behaviour displayed by adult models. They learn behaviours, supporting Social Learning Theory 2. Boys imitate same sex model and they are more likely to imitate physical aggression 3 Children are more likely to imitate physical aggression when it is a male not a female