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Attachment (Schaffer's stages of attachment (Stage 2: Indiscriminate…
Attachment
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Attachment figures
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Study to show the role of the father in play & stimulation, instead of nurturing.
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Bowlby
Maternal deprivation
The critical period: First 30 months of life where deprivation leads to psychological damage in later life.
Effects on development
Emotional development: Separation causes affectionless psychopaths - inability to experience strong emotion for others, associated with criminality.
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Animal studies
Lorenz:
- Identified process of imprinting in bird species.
- Critical period can be few hours after egg hatches.
Harlow:
- Critical period within 90 days for infant monkeys.
- After this, damage is irreversible.
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