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SOC (Span of control matters (problemområde (Reduction of management…

- - - - definition
        
        the number of people who report ta a manager or supervisor
        
        number of direct reports
      - research
        
        optimal size of SOC
        
        8 to 12 people or 20 to 30 with "simpel" operations
        
        Variables that effect size of SOC without negative consequences
        
        frequency and intensity of relationship
        
        complexity of work
        
        capabilities of manager and the staff
        
        correlations soc and..
        
        performance due to positive effects on group performance
        
        unsafe behaviors of subordinates
        
        leadership style, less relational more leadership on arms length, enforcement of rules and standards
  - - - employee engagement
- - - - span of control
        
        types
        
        wide spans of control
        
        correlatiins
        
        positive
        
        employee discretion and often moral
        
        when a person oversees many subordinates
        
        narrow spans of control
        
        correlations
        
        when a person oversees few subordinates
        
        featues
        
        allocates resources toward employee supervision rather than production
        
        featues
        
        important for allocation of resources
        
        important for understanding organizational hierarchies, work group size and complexity of communication process
      - task difficulty
        
        easy tasks
        
        examples
        
        MacDonalds
        
        little effect of SOC and ...
        
        moderate tasks
        
        examples
        
        most effect of SOC and ...
        
        extremely difficult tasks
        
        examples
        
        rehabilitation of prisoners
        
        little effect of SOC and other structural variables
  - - - administrative- teacher SOC
        
        positiv correlation
        
        wider SOC correlates with better student performance
      - mid level manager SOC
        
        positive correlation
      - teacher SOC (Class size)
        
        negative correlation
    - - organizational performance
        
        operationalization
        
        percentage of students passing standardized reading and mathematics tests
- - - - New public management
      - downsizing
    - - Wider SOC and higher job demands in public than private
      - lines of research
        
        optimal SOC
        
        factors affecting optimal size
        
        between organizations
        
        different levels in organizations
        
        structural conditions
        
        diversity of function among subordinates
        
        emploee and enviromental stability
        
        geographical space
        
        size of orfanization
        
        3 to 30
        
        The influence of SOC on diffrent outcomes
        
        it affects manager subordinates interaction
        
        large SOC correlates negatively with
        
        quality of exchange
        
        group processes
        
        manager ability to empower
        
        managers ability to support subordninates
        
        large SOC correlates positively with
        
        employee turnover and intentions to quit
        
        reduced employee engagement and commitment
        
        less monitoring of health and safety issues
        
        lower safety performance
        
        lower organizational performance
        
        forskningsglapp
        
        SOCs influence on managers working conditions and job demands
        
        job demands
        
        may lead to
        
        5 more items...
    - - Job Demands-Resources model
        
        definitions
        
        Job demands
        
        those physical, psychological, social or organizational aspects of the job that require sustaned physical and/or psychological effort and are therefore associated with certain physiological and/or psychological costs
        
        Components
        
        structural conditions
        
        job demands
        
        health problems
        
        organizational outcomes
        
        job resources
        
        motivation
  - - - excessive role demands
      - acting as a container for subordinates frustrations
      - conflicting logistics
      - work overload
      - group problems