AR and Narrative Inquiry

AR

Narrative

humans lead storied lives/the study of study of experience as story

retelling stories through relational inquiry that may result in reliving stories in changed practices and actions

daily lives are shaped by stories of who we and others are

we interpret our past in terms of stories

story is the lens through which we shape the world

story is the way in which we experience the world as personally meaningful

story living and story telling are linked with life and education

Narrative as possibility for ongoing professional development?

experience is a matter of people in relation contextually and temporally

narrative inquiry is people in relation studying with people in relation

people's lives are composed over time, life stories and lived and told, retold, relived

engaging means seeing possibilities for growth and change

listening and seeing leads to educational consequences for the living bodies connected to schools, including faculty and universities

creates spaces, gaps which allow for change

narrative as a change agent

change in Researchers, participants, in institutional/social/ cultural landscapes and in readers

AR and Narrative enable practitioner researchers to share their stories of action to improve learning

Reflecting on action = learning which = future learning and action, = accountability for their actions

seeing the big and the small

reliving retold stories in new capacities for change

Commonalities between AR and Narrative

claim to knowledge - when we say we have learned something or now believe something different to be true

Story Constellations

story constellations change in landscapes of researchers and participants of narrative inquiry

make visible the complexities that share school landscapes and influence the nature of educators' experiences

enable multifaceted studies to be framed in a way that takes into account multiple clusters of stories by many multiple tellers

broad shifts in school landscapes are constructed and reconstructed alongside individual and collective accounts of change

teacher identity formation should be in all discussions on teaching and learning

can create states of disequilibrium

PAR and inquiry Cardiff, 2012

critical and creative method for for reflective inquiry

use of narratives is fundamental to the process and reporting of AR (Walker, 2007)

cycles of action and learning to generate knowledge through mutual understanding, develop & enact shared meaning

collaborative inquiry with leaders is relevant to both ind. and organizational development w emphasis on experiential knowledge, community development and meaningful change

personal narratives are universal, not only of the intellectual

stories of action can be dialogical and open up a possibility of seeing anew, inhabiting a space of 'potential, uncertainty, contradictions and silences

awareness of how our own place in the world plays a part in our interpretations and shapes the meanings we derive

Methodological issues that can emerge: Walker, 2007

narrative texts are open and inclusive to the readers

there is structure to narrative - social, political, and historical conditions

narrative that can capture the complexity of human action

Narratives are social texts and the self is constructed in and thorough narrative

narrative as a form of art, powerful and compelling

there is a central relationship between evidence, the real and the truthfulness of the narrative

common ontological and epistemological commitments can be shared between Narrative Inquiry and Action Research

action research is a change in abstract construct, as well as how participants acted, learned, hoped or despaired and changed

stories of action that are exchanged have the potential to challenge complacency

listening - to practitioners, students, parents, can result in more 'accountable and responsible knowledge' (Walker, 2007)

develop awareness of how place influences our interpretation of the world and shapes the meaning we derive

AR theory and practice are 'integrated and as a generative transformational cycle for self-renewal (Kajamaa, 2012)

AR and Narratives have been accused of limitations in methodological and theoretical groundings (Kajamaa, 2012)

context specific and context bound data and data analysis (Kajamaa, 2012)

narrative and action research can both tell the stories of others (Heikknen, Huttunen, & Syrjala, 2007)

5 Principles of Action Research as narrative (Heikkinen, Huttenun, & Syrjala, 2012)

Principle of Historic Continuity: reflective-dialectical view of action research which approaches action as a historically-evolving process

Principle of Workability: which may result in empowerment of people because they believe in their own ability to foster change

Principle of Evocativeness: artistic and evocativeness of narratives evokes emotions and action

Principle of Reflexivity: the relationship between subject and the object of research are highly relevant

Principle of Dialectics: the researcher develops dialogue with others, represents diverse voices, and aim to be authentic and genuine