AR and Narrative Inquiry
AR
Narrative
humans lead storied lives/the study of study of experience as story
retelling stories through relational inquiry that may result in reliving stories in changed practices and actions
daily lives are shaped by stories of who we and others are
we interpret our past in terms of stories
story is the lens through which we shape the world
story is the way in which we experience the world as personally meaningful
story living and story telling are linked with life and education
Narrative as possibility for ongoing professional development?
experience is a matter of people in relation contextually and temporally
narrative inquiry is people in relation studying with people in relation
people's lives are composed over time, life stories and lived and told, retold, relived
engaging means seeing possibilities for growth and change
listening and seeing leads to educational consequences for the living bodies connected to schools, including faculty and universities
creates spaces, gaps which allow for change
narrative as a change agent
change in Researchers, participants, in institutional/social/ cultural landscapes and in readers
AR and Narrative enable practitioner researchers to share their stories of action to improve learning
Reflecting on action = learning which = future learning and action, = accountability for their actions
seeing the big and the small
reliving retold stories in new capacities for change
Commonalities between AR and Narrative
claim to knowledge - when we say we have learned something or now believe something different to be true
Story Constellations
story constellations change in landscapes of researchers and participants of narrative inquiry
make visible the complexities that share school landscapes and influence the nature of educators' experiences
enable multifaceted studies to be framed in a way that takes into account multiple clusters of stories by many multiple tellers
broad shifts in school landscapes are constructed and reconstructed alongside individual and collective accounts of change
teacher identity formation should be in all discussions on teaching and learning
can create states of disequilibrium
PAR and inquiry Cardiff, 2012
critical and creative method for for reflective inquiry
use of narratives is fundamental to the process and reporting of AR (Walker, 2007)
cycles of action and learning to generate knowledge through mutual understanding, develop & enact shared meaning
collaborative inquiry with leaders is relevant to both ind. and organizational development w emphasis on experiential knowledge, community development and meaningful change
personal narratives are universal, not only of the intellectual
stories of action can be dialogical and open up a possibility of seeing anew, inhabiting a space of 'potential, uncertainty, contradictions and silences
awareness of how our own place in the world plays a part in our interpretations and shapes the meanings we derive
Methodological issues that can emerge: Walker, 2007
narrative texts are open and inclusive to the readers
there is structure to narrative - social, political, and historical conditions
narrative that can capture the complexity of human action
Narratives are social texts and the self is constructed in and thorough narrative
narrative as a form of art, powerful and compelling
there is a central relationship between evidence, the real and the truthfulness of the narrative
common ontological and epistemological commitments can be shared between Narrative Inquiry and Action Research
action research is a change in abstract construct, as well as how participants acted, learned, hoped or despaired and changed
stories of action that are exchanged have the potential to challenge complacency
listening - to practitioners, students, parents, can result in more 'accountable and responsible knowledge' (Walker, 2007)
develop awareness of how place influences our interpretation of the world and shapes the meaning we derive
AR theory and practice are 'integrated and as a generative transformational cycle for self-renewal (Kajamaa, 2012)
AR and Narratives have been accused of limitations in methodological and theoretical groundings (Kajamaa, 2012)
context specific and context bound data and data analysis (Kajamaa, 2012)
narrative and action research can both tell the stories of others (Heikknen, Huttunen, & Syrjala, 2007)
5 Principles of Action Research as narrative (Heikkinen, Huttenun, & Syrjala, 2012)
Principle of Historic Continuity: reflective-dialectical view of action research which approaches action as a historically-evolving process
Principle of Workability: which may result in empowerment of people because they believe in their own ability to foster change
Principle of Evocativeness: artistic and evocativeness of narratives evokes emotions and action
Principle of Reflexivity: the relationship between subject and the object of research are highly relevant
Principle of Dialectics: the researcher develops dialogue with others, represents diverse voices, and aim to be authentic and genuine