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Chapter 4 Nonverbal Communication ((Conversely-- introducing a statement…

- - - - Refers to the study of hand, arm, body, and face movements.
    - - There are three main types of gestures: adaptors, emblems, and illustrators.
    - - They are often both used to acknowledge others and communicate interest or attentiveness.
    - - We also communicate through eye behaviors, primarily eye contact.
    - - Our faces are the most expressive part of our bodies.
  - - - We rarely send a nonverbal message in isolation.
    - - Nonverbal communication affects our own and others’ behaviors and communication. Changing our nonverbal signals can affect our thoughts and emotions. Knowing this allows us to have more control over the trajectory of our communication, possibly allowing us to intervene in a negative cycle.
    - - Part of being a good listener involves nonverbal-encoding competence, as nonverbal feedback in the form of head nods, eye contact, and posture can signal that a listener is paying attention and the speaker’s message is received and understood.
    - - Although those guides may contain many valid “rules” of nonverbal communication, those rules are always relative to the individual, social, and cultural contexts in which an interaction takes place. In short, you can’t read people’s nonverbal communication like a book, and there are no A-to-Z guides that capture the complexity of nonverbal communication.
  - - - Nonverbal communication also evolved earlier than verbal communication and served an early and important survival function that helped humans later develop verbal communication.
    - - The involuntary nature of much nonverbal communication makes it more difficult to control or “fake.” Nonverbal communication leaks out in ways that expose our underlying thoughts or feelings.
    - - As with verbal communication, most of our nonverbal signals can be linked to multiple meanings, but unlike words, many nonverbal signals do not have any one specific meaning.
  - - - Surveys of current professionals and managers have found that most report that nonverbal skills are important to their jobs.
    - - As with other aspects of communication, norms for nonverbal communication vary from country to country and also among cultures within a particular country.
    - - A central, if not primary, function of nonverbal communication is the establishment and maintenance of interpersonal relationships.