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Lo1 - key terms (Aorta (carries oxygenated blood away from the heart),…
Lo1 - key terms
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Bicuspid Valves
The bicuspid valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart. It enables blood to flow one way, from the left atrium into the left ventricle
Capillaries
are very small, thin blood vessels that allow the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide through their walls.
Cardiovascular
system
is also known as the circulatory system and comprises the heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries) and blood. It consists of
two circuits called the pulmonary and systemic circuits. Blood travels through the pulmonary circuit to the lungs to be oxygenated and then back to the heart;
oxygenated blood travels though the systemic circuit around the body and then it carries de-oxygenated blood back to the heart
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Diastole
This is the part of the cardiac cycle where the heart muscle is in a period of relaxation and dilation; it is accompanied by the filling of the chambers with blood
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Erythrocytes
Commonly known as red blood cells, erythrocytes contain haemoglobin and transport oxygen and carbon dioxide from and to the tissues and lungs.
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Hypertension
Hypertension refers to when your blood pressure is continually higher than the recommended pressure level.
Lymph
Lymph is a fluid that contains white blood cells; is carried around the body in the lymphatic system responsible for the body’s immune system.
Lymphatic system
is vital for the body’s immune system as it rids the body of toxins and excess fluid. It consists of lymph vessels, lymph nodes, the tonsils,
thymus, spleen and liver.
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes are white cells present within lymph that fight infection and destroy cells that are abnormal or damaged
Monocytes
Monocytes are the biggest type of white blood cell in the body’s immune system responsible for fighting off bacteria and viruses.
Neutrophils
Neutrophils are white blood cells in the body’s immune system responsible for fighting off bacteria and viruses.
Plasma
The liquid part of the blood and lymphatic fluid. It transports red and white blood cells and platelets (cells that allow the blood to clot) around the body. Its
function is to maintain blood pressure and regulate the body’s temperature.
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Semi-lunar valves
Semi-lunar valves are located in the heart, in the aorta and in the pulmonary artery. Their function is to prevent the blood flowing back into the heart after
contraction
Stroke
A condition caused by the blood supply to the brain is cut off. There are two types of stroke: ischaemic (caused by blood supply to the brain being cut off by for
example a blockage) and haemorrhagic (caused by bleeding in or around the brain).
Systole
This is the part of the cardiac cycle where the heart muscle is in a period of contraction allowing blood flow into the ventricles.
Tricuspid valves
These valves are located between the right ventricle and the right atrium of the heart. They prevent blood flow back into the right atrium of the heart.
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Vena cavae
This refers to the large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the body into the right atrium of the heart
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