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Thermal Energy and States of Matter (Changes of state (Liquid-gas changes…
Thermal Energy and States of Matter
States of matter
Most matter on earth can exist in three states- solid, liquid, and gas
Liquids
The particles are close together, but they are not held together as tightly as those of a solid.
Gases
The particles are moving so fast that they don't even stay close together.
Solids
The particles are packed together relatively fixed positions.
Changes of state
Solid-liquid changes of state
The change of state from a liquid to a solid is called
freezing
The change of state from a solid to a liquid is called
melting
Liquid-gas changes of state
If vaporization takes place at the surface of a liquid, it is called
evaporation
Vaporization can occur below the surface of a liquid. this is called
boiling
The change from gas to liquid is called
condesation
Matter can change from one state to another when thermal energy is absorbed or released
Thermal expansion
When the matter
increases
, the substance spreads out as its particles spread out.
Thermal expansion is when the matter is heated and expands.
Thermal energy is released when matter is cooled.
The particles slow down and contracts.