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Stomach 2 (Ulceration (Mucosa protected by secretion of mucous layer,…
Stomach 2
Ulceration
Mucosa protected by secretion of mucous layer, epithelial cell membrance and interconnecting tight junctions (impenetrable by H+)
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Damaged cells produce histamine --> stimulated acid production, worsening problem
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Mast cell/tumours/mast cell leukaemia (produce excess histamine, increase HCl production
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Treatments: Aimed at reducing HCl secretion (anti-histamines, proton pump inhibitors) or protecting ulcerated mucose (antacids, mucosal binding agents)
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Secretion of pepsinogen
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Secreted in inactive form, activated by HCl
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Starch digestion
Starch is a mixture of amylose and amylopectin. Basic unit is maltose. Amylose is double helix of maltose units. Amylopectin is branching chain
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Stimulation of secretion
Reflex arcs (long via vagus, short locally)
3 substances, amplify each other:
- Acetylcholine/histamine - Direct stimulation, chief and parietal and mucin cells
- Gastrin - Almost entirely by stimulation of ECL-cells (histamine producing) to produce histamine
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