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Plant Kingdom (General characteristics (They have eukaryotic plant cells,…
Plant Kingdom
General characteristics
They are
multicellular
They cant move around
They are autotrophs (photosynthesis)
They have eukaryotic plant cells
Cloroplast
Cell wall
Large vascuoles
NUTRITION
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
(to produce energy)
Oxygen Compounds + Oxygen produce energy
It happens inside mitochondria
During day and night
It needs oxygen (O2) and produce CO2
VASCULAR SYSTEM
XYLEM
Transport raw sap (Savia) (Water + mineral salts)
From the roots to the leaves
PHOLOEM
Transport elaborated sap (nutrients through photosynthesis)
From the leaves to the rest of the plant
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
(They produce their own food)
It happens il leaves and green stems
Choroplasts contain chlorophyll, that captures sunlight
They take inorganic compounds and produce organic compounds
They take carbon dioxide (CO2) and produce oxygen (O2)
TYPES OF PLANTS
NON-FLOWERING AND SEEDLESS PLANTS
MOSSES
They are non-vascular plants
They don´t have true roots, stems or leaves
FERNS
They have true roots, stems (called RHIZOMES) and leaves (called FRONDS)
They reproduce from SPORES
They are vascular plants (they have xylem and pholoem)
FLOWERING PLANTS WITH SEEDS
TWO TYPES
GYMNOSPERMS
The most important group:
CONIFERS
Seeds protected by
CONES
Examples:pines, cypresses
Their seeds are not protected by a fruit
ANGIOSPERMS
Seeds
PROTECTED
by a fruit
https://youtu.be/djPVgip_bdU
They have colorful and complex flowers
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
1.
POLLINATION
: pollen grains travel from the flower of one plant to another by the
wind
or carried by
insects
2. Fertilization:
when a pollen grain reaches the stigma, it creates a long pollen tube that reaches the ovary, where it fertilizizes an ovule
3. Seed Formation:
The fertilized ovule (the zygote) becomes a seed
4. Fruit Formation:
The ovary becomes a fruit, that protects the seeds
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
They have roots, stems, and leaves
They have a
reproductive organ
: the flower
They are vascular plants
