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PLATO (Plato's Theory of Forms (World of the Forms # #, World of…
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Wrote about many issues, eg. Existence of the soul, the nature of beauty, who should run a government #
Founded his own school of philosophy/University, called Academia #
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Heraclitus (540-480 BCE) #
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Claimed the world was in a state of perpetual flux, everything is constantly changing
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The World of Forms is more real than the one we experience with our senses and is a object of knowledge, not opinion
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Holds ideas that Beauty, Truth, Justice and The Good exist as perfect ideas in a timeless and space less transcendent realm
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Hierarchy of the Forms, Insert a diagram
Form of the good is the most important, Once you understand the good it will enable you to understand other forms, like Justice or Beauty
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Something to be real it had to be permanent and unchanging, so NOT the world of appereances
Describing something as a 'cat' would be referring to some particular quality or essence that it shares with all other animals described as 'cat'
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Imprisonment represents humans being trapped by our senses of taste, touch, smell and sight
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The sun represents The Truth, illuminates all others and gives them meaning
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The journey out of the cave represents the realisation of the world of the forms, uses reason to see true reality
The statues represent false reality, carried by people who shape the prisoners views
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The return of the prisoners represents Plato's idea, wanting to show others the true reality
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Sun is required to illuminate everything and therefore our eyes must have similar attributes because our minds/souls know
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The Good is the source of being, is not being but beyond being in dignity and surpassing power