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Internal Text Structure Types (Enumerating/Listing (Definition: Lists…
Internal Text Structure Types
Enumerating/Listing
Definition: Lists information without a specific order
Key Words: To begin with, most important, 1.,2.,3.,
Example: I have many friends. One close friend I have is Billy. Another good friend I have is Bob. I also have a friend named Joe.
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Sequential/Chronological
Definition: Putting details in time order, writing a story in the order it happened
Key Words: First, next, later, after, now, when
Example: First, Frank Morris and his accomplices got out of their cells through the grate and made a workshop there. Then, They made a raft out of many raincoats and a dummy head to fool guards when they escape. Lastly, they escaped from Alcatraz on their raft and were never seen again.
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Process
Definition: Writing the process of how to make something
Key words: Begins with, in order to, first, next
Example: First, take the two laces. Then, wrap one lace around the other one time and pull on the end of both laces. Next, make two loops, on loop per lace. Lastly, wrap the laces around each other (see step one) and pull tightly.
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Cause and Effect
Definition: How two or more things relate
Key Words: Because, since, therefore consequently, as a result so that if... then
Example: Mosquitoes suck blood from other animals. As a result, they carry many deadly diseases like Zika and Malaria. Mosquitoes kill more humans than any other species and kills over 1 million a year
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Compare and Contrast
Definition: Comparing two or more things and explaining how they are alike and different
Key Words: However, but, not, only... but also, either... or, while, although, vs., yet, similarly
Example: Would you rather read or play sports? Both are beneficial for you in different ways. Reading helps your mind develop and playing sports helps your muscles develop. For most professions and school related topics, reading is more beneficial than playing sports but playing sports can help with depression and can help someone lose weight.
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Concept/Definition
Definition: Telling us what a concept means
Key Words: Refers to, thus, in other words, equals, as defined by
Example: Two plus two equals four. If you put up two fingers and put up another two fingers you have four fingers up. To help prove this, you can get four cookies and eat two of them and you have two cookies left.
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Generalization/Principle
Definition: A summary of a broad topic with details supporting it that might not be completely true
Key Words: All, none, always, in fact
Example: The person who wrote this is amazing at everything he does
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Problem/Solution
Definition: Tells a problem and what has been done or what is happening to fix it
Key Words: Problem is..., dilemma is... puzzle is..., solved question, answer, because. since, this led to, the main difficulty, one possible solution is, once challenge, therefore, this led to, so that, if...then, thus
Example: Pollution levels are increasing and in some places, you can't see the sun because of the constant smog caused by pollution. Many countries around the world are taking measures to resolve the problem. They have reduced the amount of pollution created by factories and made more environmentally-friendly vehicles. They have also looked for alternative energy sources for things traditionally run by gas or oil.
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