Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Igneous Rock / Magma (rock types (molten rock (magma (underground), lava…
Igneous Rock / Magma
rock types
igneous (crystallize from melted material)
sedimentary (from sedimentum; deposition of weathered material)
metamorphic (changed by high pressure, high T, fluids, and time)
molten rock
magma (underground)
lava (surface)
sortation of mineral composition
light colour=felsic
granite
rhyolite
potassium feldspar
quartz
dark colour=mafic
gabbro
basalt
pyroxene
biotite
intermediate
diorite
andesite
plagioclase feldspar
ways magmas are generated
increase temperature (hotter things melt)
hot spots
---hot material from deep in the mantle brought to surface
decrease pressure "decompression melting"
divergent margins
---pulling apart plates reveals material below and lowers pressure
add water or other volatiles (CO2, etc); lowers melting temperature
subduction zones
---water goes down in the plate. It causes the mantle to melt
Coarse v. fine grained
extrusive/volcanic rocks
lava cooled quickly on the surface
short time (days to months)
fast cooling=small crystals; too small to see
intrusive/plutonic rocks
magma cooled very slowly deep below the surface
long time(years to centuries)
slow cooling=large crystals
Bowen's reaction composition
left side-variety of feldspar
various silicates from simple to complex
rock definition
an agglomeration of minerals