The Industrial Revolution

process

technological advances

economic changes

agriculture

less important

industry

industrial capitalism

GB

1750

100 years

because of that

considered revolution

class based society

end 18th century

replaced

states system

status

depend

wealth

job

origins

late 18th century

revolutions

French Revolution

abolished

privileges

nobility

clegery

Industrial Revolution

increased

bourgeoisie

power

wealth

owners

factories

new social class

working class

industrial workers

characteristics

open society

all equal

class determined

wealth

buildings

bussines

lands

wages

class

could change

wealth

before

law

in prcatice

economic inequalities

3 groups

middle class

working class

upper class

wealthiest people

wealthy bourgeoisie

nobility

dominant social group

business

factory owners

bankers

provide services

doctors

civil servants

lawyers

owned

workshops

shops

small scale

small scale

craftsmen

merchants

farmers

own lands

industrial workers

proletariat

peasants

working class movement

working conditions

wealthy bourgeoisie

higher standards of living

working class

terrible

working

living conditions

Wages too low

14-16 hours/day

Child labour

Lack of

no rights

safety

hygine

no right

protest

strike

working class politics

protest against

factory owners

early 19th century

proletariat

GB

organise itself

Trade unions (1830s)

Chartist movement (1838–1848)

Luddites (1811)

destroying machines

protest

death penalty

for destroying

machines

associations of workers

same industry

mutual assistance

accident or injury

demanded

better

working conditions

strikes

made ilegal

demanded

political reforms

salaries

universal manhood suffrage

members

parliament

laws

protect

workers

allow workers

members

parliament

rejected

failed

forced

concede

some demands

Shorter working days

better

higher wages

ban

Political reforms

safety and hygiene

child labour

Freedom of association

right

strike

protest

Universal manhood suffrage

end requirement

MPS

property owners

working class

representation

parliament

revolutionary ideas

19th century

promoted

working-class

interests

Marxism

developed

Karl Marx

Friedrich Engels

principles

Class struggle

oppressed proletariat

organise

struggle against

opressors

gain political power

dictatorship of the working classes

once achived

political power

working class

stablish

new order

political

social

communist economy

private property (capitalism)

abolished

means of production

socialiced

to state

proletariat

owners

means of production

state

control them

communist society

class-based society

disappear

everybody

same relationship

means of production

equal

no classes

Anarchism

developed

Pierre Joseph Prudhon

Mikhail Bakunin

principles

individual freedom

fight against

authority or institution

limited freedom

direct action

citizent

respect himself

rejected

political parties

elections

abolition

private property

society organised

communes

means of production

owned collectively

decisions

assemblies

The International

Second half 19th century

leaders of workers' organisations

European countries

met

First International

IWA (London 1864)

working-class organisations

advocates of revolutionary ideologies

trade unionists

Marxists

Anarchists

coordinate workers' action

encourage the collective ownership

dissolved (1876)

disagreements

Second International (Paris 1889)

eight-hour working/day

Only included

socialist parties

trade unions and anarchists

not members

dissolved

1st world war

1914