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Perspectives on First Language Acquisition (Developmental Psychologists:…
Perspectives on First Language Acquisition
Developmental Psychologists: Focus on the Child
Language development is a universal phenomenon
Pettito and his research on sign language acquisition
Parallels with Piaget's stages of cognitive development
Focus on early stages
Babble-syllables with a consonant-vowel structure- produce individual words- two word utterances-
Telegraphic early speech
Cognitive apprenticeship
Sociologists/Anthropologists: Focus on the Environment
Meaning of many utterances depends on the context
Meaning of many utterances depends on the context
Language occurs in a social context
Communication Competence
Lingusist: Focus on the Language
Chomsky
Humans have a language acquisition device in the brain
Basic phonology and syntax are learned early
Universal Grammer
Overgeneralization errors
Pinker
Stromswald
Children do not make logical errors
Innatist Perspective
Noam Chomsky
Children are biologically programmed for language
Children are not blank slates to be filled by imitating language
Universal Grammer
Almost all children successfully acquire their first language
Critical Period Hypothesis
Interactional/Developmental Perspective
Close relationship between cognitive development and language acquisition
Language represents knowledge acquired through physical interaction with environment
Dan Slobin, Piaget, Vygotsky
Zone of Proximal Development
Scaffolding
Behaviorist Perspective
Children imitate the language produced around them
"Positive reinforcement"
B. F. Skinner
The environment is the source of everything the child needs to learn
Pick up patterns and generalize them to new contexts