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Basic Properties of Numbers (Commutative (Addition (Changing the order of…
Basic Properties of Numbers
Commutative
Addition
Changing the order of addends does not affect the sum
2 + 5 = 5 +2
Multiplication
Changing the order of the factors does not affect the product
3 x 4 = 4 x 3
Associative
Addition
Changing the grouping of addends does not change the sum
(-3 + 5) + 2 = -3 + (5 + 2)
Multiplication
Changing the grouping of the factors does not change the product
(2 x 4) x 6 = 2 x (4 x 6)
Identity
Addition
Adding 0 and any number does not change the value of the number
7 + 0 = 7
Multiplication
Multiplying 1 and any number does not change the value of the number
8 x 1 = 8
Distributative
Multiplying a sum by a number is the same as multiplying each addend by that number and then adding the two products
12 - 15 = - 3 ( -4 +5 )