Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Delivery - Mechanism of Toxicity ((Systemic)
Distribution toward target
…
- Delivery - Mechanism of Toxicity
- Absorption
Presystemic Elimination
Absorption
Definition:
Transfer of compound from exposure site (eg. mucosa of alimentary tract or skin) into systemic circulation
-
Factors for the rate of absorption:
- Physiochemical properties of chemical (lipophilic absorbed more easily)
- Concentration of chemical at surface where absorption occurs
- Area of exposed site
- Characteristics of epithelial cells
-
- (Systemic)
Distribution toward target
Distribution Away from Target
Distribution depends on:
- Blood flow to organ/tissue
- Rate of diffusion out of capillary bed and into organ/tissue cells
- final distribution depends on affinity on the chemical for particular tissues
Lipid soluble and small molecules diffuse more easily than water soluble, polar/ion, and large molecules
-
-
- Reabsorption
Excretion
Elimination
Absorption
Mechanism
- After delivery to renal tubules
- After delivery to GI tract via intestinal mucosa
-
-
Detoxification - biotransformation of a molecule that prevents the formation of an ultimate toxicant or eliminates it
Why Detoxification May Not Be Adequate:
- Process may be overwhelmed by concentration of toxicant
- Toxicant that is reactive may inactivate a detoxicating enzyme
- Conjugation rxns may be reversible (ex. cofactors)
- Detoxication rxns may produce by-products that can serve as toxic agents