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Automatic leaf shape category discovery (Materiales y métodos (Extracción…

- - - - In the experimental setting herein proposed we considered species from six different shape categories from TreeMew dataset~\cite{ASH:2015:Online}. Shapes can be described for the complete leaf or their parts as described in Table~\ref{tab:descShape}.
      - In this case, these shape categories were obtained by using the Hickey manual~\cite{Ellis2009} to define for each species high levels shape concepts related to shape, margin, base and apice.
      - As observed, in figure~\ref{fig:Pc1vsPc2} species with the same margin can be represented in PC1. It is important to note that PC1 represents mainly high frecuency border information that can be linked to these margins.
      - Similary, then PC2 is observed species with similar shapes are proyected to the same regions in the representation space. More specifically, clusters related to species 1, 2 and 3 are very close in the representation space, as shown in figure~\ref{fig:Pc1vsPc2}.
      - Interestingly, these species also present high levels of similarity according the botanical manual. In other hand, species 4 and 6 are far each other a fact that can also be observed in the proposed representation space.
      - These result suggests that this method can be used to study both margins and shapes simultaneusly providing a richer representation.
- - - - Most of the morphological methods in leafs focuses on one of these features individually. This information is highly valuable to study ecological traits. Finally, variability in these representations may provide also imporant information.
      - In this work, we aim to overcome the automatic discovery of shape categories by providing high levels of visual interpretability.
      - The visual interpretation in leaf morphology helps objectively quantify the ways to implement this feature in resolving taxonomical and ecological problems.
      - The leaf shape is a trait that can taxonomically define some species or genera of plants; however, it is also an ecological feature because in some groups it may represent a high phenotypic plasticity, especially in the juvenile stages of the plant.
      - Further categories or "scores" that can be given to the shapes of leaves can have a good reception in paleoclimatic studies and macrofossil analysis. Therefore it is important to propose methods that reduce ambiguity by being more accurate when awarding a category.