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Computer systems (Systems architecture: (CPU (Performance (Clock speed:…
Computer systems
Systems architecture:
Von Neumann Architecture
Data is input, processed by the CPU, which has several components on its own and then output. There is also memory where data can be offloaded to and stored on. ALU processes arithmetic and logical instructions and execute them.
CPU
Performance
Clock speed: clock speed is the amount of instructions processed per second. This can be increased to increase the processing performance of the CPU
core count: If the number of cores is increased more instructions can be processed by the cpu at the same time. Example dual core parallel processing
Cache size: Increasing cache size increases amount of instructions that can be processed and stored from the cpu
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Cache
Cache memory can be L1, L2 or L3. L1 is the smallest both the quickest as it is closest to the cpu. L2 increases in size but becomes slower as it is further from the cpu, L3 increases in size again but is further away so latency increases
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Boolean logic
Gates
AND Gate: Both inputs to the gate have to be 1 in order for the output to be 1. Gate is drawn as a D shape
NOT Gate: 1 input line into the gate, input is reversed/opposite. Drawn as a triangle with circle on top point.
OR Gate: One of the two inputs to the gate have to be 1 for an output of 1 from the gate, otherwise a 0 will be output. Drawn as an arrow head.
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Hardware and software
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Hardware
The physical components of a computer system - e.g. GPU, CPU, PSU
Software classification
System software
Programs that are needed for effective communication with the hardware, and for launching application software. Examples: OS
Application software:
Application software is the programs launched from the OS by the user to perform a specific task or group of tasks. Example: Word processing applications