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Theorists of Education (Theories applied to teaching and learning) (Howard…
Theorists of Education (Theories applied to teaching and learning)
Howard Gardner
Multiple Intelligences
bodily/ kinesthetic
musical/ rhythmic
mathematical/ logical
intrapersonal
verbal/ linguistic
interpersonal
visual/ spatial
naturalistic
Gardner, H., & Hatch, T. (1989). Educational implications of the theory of multiple intelligences.
Educational researcher,
18(8), 4-10.
Abraham Maslow
Self- Actualization Theory
hierarchy of needs
self actualization
aesthetic needs
achievement and prestige
belonging and love
safety and security
life essentials
Lev Vygotsky
Zone of Proximal Developement
Scaffolding
More Knowledgeable Other (MKO)
Steps
observe and listen
approach the child and talk about the task, remain engaged in the activity
gradually withdraw support
observe the child preform independently
introduce a new task
Van Der Stuyf, R. R. (2002). Scaffolding as a teaching strategy. Adolescent learning and development, 52(3), 5-18.
Sociocultural Theory
Intersubjectivity
Vygotsky, L. (1978). Interaction between learning and development.
Readings on the development of children
, 23(3), 34-41.
Jean Piaget
Stages of intellectual Development
concrete operational stage
Preoperational stage
sensorimoter stage
formal operational stage
Genetic epistemology
Cognitive theory
Piaget, J. (1964). Part I: Cognitive development in children: Piaget development and learning.
Journal of research in science teaching,
2(3), 176-186.
Constructivism
teaching and learning are child-centered
active learning
children conduct their own knowledge based prior knowledge
Garmston, Robert & Wellman, Bruce (1994,
April). Insights from constructivist learning theory.
Educational Leadership
, 51 (7), 84-85
Peltzman, B. R. (1998).
Pioneers of Early Childhood Education: A Bio-Bibliographical Guide.
Greenwood Publishing Group, 88 Post Road West, Box 5007, Westport, CT 06881.