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Jan. 25th Chap 1&Baseball (Why do "systematic"/lay/naive…
Jan. 25th Chap 1&Baseball
File Drawer Problem in Research: Difficult to publish a finding of "no result".
Research is trying to find out about "reality"/"truth": it's assuming a single reality.
Why do "systematic"/lay/naive research?
Inaccurate observation
Selective observation
see more evidence
illogical reasoning
post-hoc reasoning
Variables: people are the vehicle for variables.
Conceptual variables
. We are more interested in variables, instead of people.
attributes/levels of variables. E.g. Mass/Feminine/Non-binary. E.g. Upper/Middle/Lower/Working Class.
The empirical operationalization of a conceptual variable. Make a variable quantifiable and measurable.
Independent variable: causal vs. Dependent variable: effected variables.
If positive correlation, as A grows, B grows. Men are richer and happier.
Social Science vs. social studies
Social science: assumes empirical/quantitative, how controlled, how reliable/controlled research (survey/experiments). e.g. economics/quantitative political science.
There are other ways to understand social phenomenon: qualitative/non-empirical.
Three Purpose of Stuides
Exploratory studies: early research on a topic.
Qualititive
Descriptive studies: the relationship between variables.
Qualit+Quantit
Explanatory studies: what's the underlying mechanism? Attempt to show causes of variables and correlations. Tends to qualitative.
Can only be experimental
:!:Mixed types.
Idiographic: study one thing in great depth; vs. Nomothetic: study one variable across many entities.