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Family Theories and Dynamics (Symbolic Interactionism (George Herbert Mead…
Family Theories and Dynamics
Hedonistic Theories
Behaviorism
psychological
Pavlovs's dogs
John Watson
B.F. Skinner
Exchange Theory
sociological
George Homans (1950 and 1961)
success proposition: actions rewarded
stimulis proposition: stimuli rewards behavior
value proposition: the valuable the more likely
depravation/satiation proposition: the more often rewarded the decrease in value
aggression/ approval proposition: expectations above or below result in happiness level
rationality proposition: which choice has greater value, probability
Peter Blau (1964)
personal attraction
social acceptance
socail approval
instrumental services
respect/prestige
compliance/power
cost
deter activity
investment: time and energy
opportunity: feelings of positions
resources: money, goods
Ivan Nye (1976 and 79)
autonomy
security
value and opinion agreement
equality
Foa and Foa (1980)
love
status
services
goods
information
money
Thibaut and Kelly (1959)
comparison levels affect satisfaction
comparing cost vs reward
Economic Theory
Becker (1981)
Fuchs (1983)
Aristippus 5th centry BC
humans seek pleasure and avoid pain.
intense pleasure of the moment was motivator
Epicurus
longer lasting pleasure
best life is free from want, suffering, and extreme passion
John Locke 1690
repeat or discontinue behavior when pleasurable results are pos or neg.
Developmental Theories
Family Development
Evelyn Duvall and Reuben Hill (1940's)
Roy Rodgers (1971)
developmental tasks
family life cycle
stages
transitions
positions
role sequence
structure
career
boundaries
epigenesis
families who are stuck in their development
Humanistic Theories
Abraham Maslow
Carl Rogers (1951)
humans are innately good
self-actualization
self concept
treat others with unconditional positive regard and allowing them to feel safe enough to pursue their noble desires
Symbolic Interactionism
William James (1890): link between time and activity
Charles H. Cooley (1902)
sense of self gained from social interaction
"looking glass self"
primary group
George Herbert Mead (1934)
gestures
facial expressions
language
2 stages
play stage
pretending to be a role
imagining reactions of others
girls house, boys big activities
game stage
see people as individuals in a group
think of you are doing and what others are doing
sees how individuals actions affects the rest of the family (group)
generalized other: understanding social norms and expectations so that one can guess how people will react to specific gestures and interactions.
self "I" and "me"
"I" is individual response or experiences
"me" our social selves
fluctuating time in accordance with lived experience
Erving Goffman (1959)
humans value
symbols are important to understanding human behavior
humans are reflexive
William Thomas (1918-1920)
family socialization
families construct own realities
family social structure affects both family and individual behaviors
no perspective is wrong
definition of the situation
Elias (1992) time is a symbol used to synchronize our activities
Family Systems Theory
Feminist Theory
gender
oppression
discrimination
emancipation
political
connectedness
personal experience
enlightenment
power
Structure Functionalism
Conflict Theory