Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

FEUDALISM IN HIGH MIDDLE AGES :pencil2: 7f3f618090b3c19fc370881c4db4d9ac-…

- - - - attacks from turks
    - - Holy Roman Empire (962)=> chosen by election
        
        less territories
        
        less power held by emperor
    - - Independence of Portugal (1139)
      - Almohads, capital in Sevilla, controlled:
        
        Al-Andalus
        
        North of Africa
      - Conquest of the capital of Aragon, Zaragoza (1118)
  - - - China
      - Mongols (central Asia, 13th) conquered:
        
        China
        
        Muslim Caliphate
        
        Eastern Europe
      - Indochina
      - India
    - - Central america
        
        Mayan
        
        Toltec
      - South America:
        
        Inca
    - - new cities formed in Sahel zone (Ghana, Hausa, Ethiopia, Kanem, Mali)
  - - - Fatima caliphate (Egypt)
      - Almohad Caliphate (North Africa)
    - - took the control
      - created independent states
        
        governed by a Sultan
- - - - Chancery: wrote king's decisions to implemented
  - - - asked nobles for help
    - - king was weak
      - nobles managed:
        
        power hereditary
        
        power over inhabitants of lands
    - - cities attacked and sacked
  - - - armies to extend domains
        
        feudal wars
      - Insecurity: castle with protection
      - army aid
    - - Characteristics:
        
        Demesne:
        
        lord's land
        
        cultivated by serfs
        
        Village:
        
        near castle
        
        church was most important
        
        inhabitans lived with anmals
        
        Castle:
        
        house of lord, family, vassals and servants
        
        situated high up or next river
        
        Places of comunal use:
        
        Bridges, mills...
      - Life:
        
        Privileged:
        
        Hunting, learned to use weapons and do banquets
        
        Learned to read and write and recived education
        
        Female peasants look after children
        
        Clothes with linen, velvet and silk in bright colours, carefully
        
        Use jewellery
        
        Chaplain specific
        
        Chaplain prayed and look after chapel
        
        In banquets eat meat with hands
        
        Participate in tournaments
        
        Unprivileged:
        
        Worked in land from sunrise to sunset
        
        At night, talk around fire (didn't have education)
        
        Noblewomen in charge of servants and no go outside (keeping skin)
        
        Clothes with cotton and wool in grey and brown, coarsely
        
        Eat soup, stews and bread, rarely meat (parties)
  - - - Vassal: they voluntarily promised his loyalty to a lord
        
        in return for his protection and providing
      - Commendation ceremony: vassal swore loyalty
        
        The vassal:
        
        knelt, put his hands together and swore his loyalty ...
        
        The Lord:
        
        took vassal's hand, kissed and promised protection
  - - - Subsistence:
        
        Crop rotation
        
        Irrigation techniques
        
        Plough
        
        Use of fertilicers
      - Cereals, vegetables and pulses
        
        Mediterranean=> wine
        
        Rest of Europe=> beer
    - - Products from animals:
        
        Milk, eggs, honey, cheese...
        
        Rarely eat meat, use leathers and for transport
  - - - King
      - Nobiliity: defending society
        
        Higher: dukes...
        
        Lower: knights
      - Upper clergy: praying to salvation
        
        Bishops and abbots
    - - Lower clergy: praying to salvation
        
        Priests and monks
      - Peasants: worked for rest
        
        Free peasants, craftworkers and traders
        
        Servs: attached to fief
  - - - Secular clergy: ceremonies and education
        
        Bishops
        
        Priests
      - Regular clergy: follow rules of 2 orders
        
        People:
        
        Abbots
        
        Monks
        
        Nuns
        
        Orders:
        
        Religious: praying and working in monastery
        
        Military: praying and fighting spread Cristianity
      - Pope: leader Christians W
        
        Died=> cardenals applied successor
    - - Politics:
        
        Church and politic power were close
        
        Pope could excommunicated
      - Economic:
        
        Church became main land owner
    - - Responsible of education:
        
        Fear of end of world
        
        Pilgrimages
        
        Fear hell
      - Responsible of culture: