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Montserrat -> Soufriere hills Volcanic eruption (When (June-september…
Montserrat -> Soufriere hills Volcanic eruption
When
June-september 1997
Location
Montserrat
small island in
Caribbean sea
above destructive plate margin
North American plate subducting Caribbean plate
Northern and Western Hemisphere
What
series of large eruptions
largest eruption
4.5 million m3
of
material
released over
20 min period
pyroclastic flows covered several Km2
eruptions produced large ash clouds
Impacts
Impacts
Economic
Over 20 villages and 2/3 of total homes destroyed by pyroclastic flow on island
Eruption deterred tourists
#
disrupted economy
tourism now increasing on island
tourism increasing now b/c adventure tourism/people pay to see volcanoe
Schools, hospitals, aiport, port and other infrastructure destroyed
$1 billion property/investment damage
Buisnesses destroyed
#
Social
19 people died
7 injured
100's people lost homes
fires destroyed many buildings
local gov offices
Police HQ
Petrol stations
Population declined
8000 of islands 12 000 inhabitants left after eruption
many haven't returned
Environmental
large areas covered with volcanic material
capital city Plymouth buried under 12m of mud and ash
vegetation and farmland were destroyed
volcanic ash from eruption has improved soil fertility
better potential crop yields now for farming
Responses
Evacuation of people
from south to safe areas in North
shelters built
to house evacuees
temporary infrastructure
built e.g. roads and electricity supply
Uk provided £
17mill
of
emergency aid
Local emergency services
provided
support untis
to
search
and
rescue suvivors
risk map
&
exclusion zone
created > south island off limits while volcanoe is still intermittently active
Uk provided £41 mill of long-term aid to develop north of island
new docks, airport, diving school, houses been built b/c of this investment
Montserrat Volcano Observatory
set up to try and predict future eruptions
