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America: A Patriotic Primer (the book (illustrations lighten/enwhiten skin…
America: A Patriotic Primer
Lynne Cheney
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NEH director
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anit-multiculturalism
called for "traditional" standards
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1.6 million grant to UCLA's National Center for History in the Schools to produce "set of national history standards" (Ulanowicz 346)
Cheney "pre-emptive attack" op-ed "The End of History" (Ulanowicz 346)
wife of Dick Cheney, Vice President
Dallas Institute of the Humanities and Culture talk October 2001, urged "educators to suspend curricula favoring multiculturalism" (Ulanowicz 342)
called for "truthful" American history and said US in "national crisis" with children not knowledgeable about nation's hsitory (Ulanowicz 348)
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liberal views = "terrorist sympathies" (Ulanowicz 354)
Historical Context
Culture Wars of the 1980s and 1990s
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multiculturalism taught in schools
Diversity included in school textbooks
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Civil Rights Movement
Feminism/Women's Lib
the book
supposedly a "face-lift" of Cheney's anit-multiculturalism stance (Ulanowicz 342)
illustrations lighten/enwhiten skin tones
pastel colors except for flag
marginalizes minorities
only a close read and Visual Social Semiotics expose hidden meaning in text and illustrations
"narrative sleight-of-hand" (Ulanowicz 349)
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a flag on almost every spread
only festive, celebratory history
Connotes
The New England Primer
Primer the "quintessentially American" instructional book (Ulanowicz 344)
supposedly written for Cheney's grandchildren
favors assimilation
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tolerance = to endure, to suffer something (Ulanowicz 352)
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Contemporary Context
Post-9/11
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PATRIOTIC ACT
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reduced freedoms for American citizens
troops sent to the Middle East
backlash against "Other"