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Finland and nokia (telecommunications cluster (Finnish senate granted…
Finland and
1917 - Finland unitalerally declares its independence
capital - Helsinki
Finns shared one culture
low proportion of inmigrants
president elected every 6 years
in 1970 exports accounted for:
16% wood products
large forest covering 76% of land area
23% engineered metal
focused on specialized ships
connecting Finland to Sweden nad continental Europe
40% pulp and paper
slow economy performance post-war
1980 - 3% of Finnish exports to USA
Finland became an important supplier of manufactured products to the Soviet Union
devaluation every decade
1970 - more than 20% of devaluations
education
13% of the population had a university degree
competition
1980
policies changes made in order to gain international ground
1982 - bank of finland devalued the Finnish Markka
prior 1990
lax enforcemet
mergers and acquisitions decided by a small elite group
telecommunications cluster
Finnish senate granted many licenses for telephone operations
national public telecommincations operator (PTT) created
telephone network monopolized by the state
1921 - Associaton of Telephone Companies founded
1930 - there were 815 private telephone companies in Finland
