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Chapter 1: What is Anthropology (Basics (Holistic approach (Biocultural…
Chapter 1: What is Anthropology
Types of Anthropology
Archaeology
Study of ancient humans through materials left behind :arrow_right: large buildings to tiny flakes of stone
material culture to reconstruct development and culture of past people
use of (geology, zoology) to understand distant past
Socio-cultural
How populations & societies vary in cultural features
Culture: set of learned behaviours, beliefs, values in a society
Study of recent/contemporary cultures
Biological
Biodiversity of humans, ancestors, closely related primates
Human Palaeontology
emergence of humans, evolution between humans and other primates
use of fossils
reconstruction of environment
modern primate study for how ancient humans acted
Contemporary Variation & Human adaptation
Evidence genetics(inherited traits)
Population biology( environmental influence)
Epidemiology (diseases)
Linguistics
Study of human culture through language
focus on language with no written counterpart
Study changes over time and variations between languages
Explaining Data
Theory: series of statements that explain facts, supported by evidence
Theory testing: way to test predictions about why a relationship exists
Through associations or relationships between two variables; multiple repeats of the relationship :arrow_right: theory/law
Basics
Study of humans ; Differences and similarities of biological and cultural aspects, in all times and places
Where, when, why did humans appear on Earth?
What causes variation in physical traits?
Why do societies value different things?
Holistic approach
Biocultural model
: a holistic approach that recognizes the interaction between biology and culture in human populations
Important people
Sir Daniel Wilson
Founded modern anthropological beliefs: all cultures capable of progress and change
Sir John Dawson
Microscopic study of fossils in Canada
Founder of Royal Society of Canada
George Mercer Dawson
Geological survey of Canada: oldest scientific agency
Charles Barbeau
1st Canadian born anthropologist
Ruth Landes
pioneer in race and gender relations
Theoretical vs. Applied
Applied: Real world problems , inform public policy trying to improve the world
Theoretical: focus on building knowledge base (museums and universities)
Relevance of Anthropology
Helps avoid misunderstandings
Eliminates fear of unknown