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Chapter 4 (Skill & Ability (Skill: A learned action or behavior, with…
Chapter 4
Skill & Ability
Skill: A learned action or behavior, with the intention of bringing about Pre-determined results, with maximum certainty and minimum outlay of time and energy.
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Open Skill: A skill that is performed in a certain way to deal with a changing or unstable movement.
Self Paced Skill: A skill is started when the performer decides to start it. The speed, rate or pace of the skill is controlled by the performer.
Externally Paced Skill: A skill that is started because of an external factor. The speed, rate or pace of the skill is controlled by external factors, such as an opponent or the environment.
Gross Movement Skill: A skill that uses large muscle groups to perform big, strong, powerful movements.
Fine Movement Skill: A skill involving small, precise movements, showing high levels of accuracy and coordination. It involves the use of a small group of muscles.
Ability: An inherited, stable trait that determines an individual's potential to learn or acquire a skill.
Goals & Targets
Goals
Performance Goals: Personal standards to be achieved. Performers compare themselves against what they have already done or suggest what they are going to do. There is no comparison with other performers.
Outcome Goals: Goals that focus on the end result, on winning.
Targets
SMART Target: A goal setting technique that can be used to increase motivation and reduce anxiety. SMART targets should be Specific, Measurable, Accepted, Realistic and Time-Bound.
Information Processing
Feedback
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Kinaesthetic Feedback: Received by receptors in the muscles. Physical sensations generated by movements are felt vy the performer and provide a form of intrinsic feedback.
Extrinsic Feedback: Information a performer receives about their performance from outside themselves, such as a coach.
Arousal
Stress Managment
Deep Breathing: Talking slow, Deep breaths whilst relaxed.
Mental Rehearsal, Visualization and Imagery: Cognitive relaxation techniques involving control of mental thoughts and imagining positive outcomes.
Positive Self Talk: A cognitive relaxation technique involving developing positive thoughts about your performance.
Aggression
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Indirect Aggression: An aggressive act that does not involve direct physical contact. It is taken out on an object in order to gain an advantage.
Personality Types
Introvert: A quiet, shy, passive and reserved personality type, usually associated with individual sports performance.
Extrovert: A sociable, active, talkative and outgoing personality type, usually associated with team sports.
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