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Cells (Similarities betw cells (Plant cell only (Vacuole?? (Function:
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Cells
Similarities betw cells
Plant cell only
Vacuole??
Function:
- Usually a single large fluid filled space surrouned by a membrane
- Filled with cell sap, which contains water and dissolved minerals
Cell wall
Function:
- Support, protects and gives shape to the cell
- Made up of cellulose
- Freely permeable to substances
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Cell Membrane
Function:
- Controls movements of substances in & out of the cell
- Serves as a boundary betw the cell & external env
- Generally allows glucose, water, oxygen to enter
- Generally allows waste products to leave
Structure:
- A thin & partially permeable membrane made up of layers of fat and protein
Cytoplasm
Function:
- Contains impt structures for vital activities of the cells
-- Mitochondira
- Contains food storage structures
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Vacuole
Function:
- Stores water & other nutrients
- Small in size & numerous in number in animal cells
- large and a single central vacuole in plant cells
Structure:
- Fluid-filled spaces surrounded by membranes
- Found in the cytoplasm
Nucleus
Function:
- Controls all the chemical reactions within the cell
- Controls cell division
- Contain chromosomes
-- Long thread-like structures
-- Made up of proteins and DNA
-- Contains genes
-- Passed down from parents to their offspring (responsible for the inherited characteristics of an organism)
Contains Chromosomes
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Genes on Chromosomes:
- Each genes contains instructions for a characteristics of an organism
- Genes control e.g. height, skin colour, nose length, ability to roll our tongue
- A human body has 30,000 genes
Chromosomes in humans:
- 23 pairs (46) in each nucleus of a human cell
- All cells in a human body contain the same set of 46 chromosomes
- 23 come from each parent
Structure:
- Largest structure in the cell
- Spherical shape
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