Russian Revolution and the Civil War
Leading up to Revolution
February Revolution
October Revolution
Major Players
Provisional Government
Civil War
St. Peter's Burg renamed "Petrograd"
No Bread
Worker Strikes
100,000 workers on strike
25th of February, revolution strikes.
Cossacks brought in to help police.
cossacks are basically SWAT.
Loyal to Tsar.
Nicholas II gave the order to kill the workers who were on strike.
Comrade Cossacks
Supported the people
Tsar left defenseless.
Tsar away at work.
Sailors Rebelling On Kronstadt
By following morning, officers were dead or imprisoned.
Tsar was away at war
Tsar told officers to kill the revolters.
Royal family held in Yekaterineburg
16th July, 1918 - Royal family murdered
Kazan falls to rebels. "White army"
Red army v. White army
Progress was slow in Kazan
Kronstadt sailors are the vanguard of the Red Army
Kronstadt soldiers wanted Soviet Democracy
1921 - More than 5,000 sailors had resigned or destroyed their party cards.
Not happening.
Kronstadt sailors want a soviet democracy, free elections, multiparty, no privilege, no crime.
Kronstadt sailors declared independence.
Lenin has 0 tolerance.
Sailors knew Red Army was coming, pretty much destroyed them.
80% of Red Army men sent out on the ice are dead.
Lenin and Trotsky say that the sailors were full blooded counter revolutionaries.
Kronstadt sailors lose second fight.
1,200 to 1,500 dead.
8,000 men made it to Finland.
Bodies strewn across the ice.
Soldiers were refusing to go to front.
Sailors support Lenin
Overthrow provisional government.
Sailors start a small state on Kronstadt.
Ministers were democrats. Basically the tsar's regime.
Old leaders still in power.
Komilov Affair
Potential military coup
Soviets talked them out of it
Came to end quickly
Ministers arrested
Sailors gathered with mutinying soldiers
Provisional gov. fire on them
July Days.
October Rev. Seen in with great big hangover
Bolsheviks given 25% of vote
Dictatorship of the proletariat
Democratic things taught to people
Kronstadt sailors unsure
All power to the soviets
Just want peace, bread, and land.
30th August
Woman fired 3 shots at Lenin
His leg and lung hit
He was paranoid, refused to go to a doctor that wasn't guaranteed Bolshevik
Red Terror
KGB
Anyone making fun of communism or seen as an enemy of the state shot
6,000 political opponents murdered
Vladimir Ulyanov
April Thesis "All power to soviets"
Be done with war
Strong personality
Peace, bread, and land
Alexander Kerynsky
was the minister of war
is appointed Prime Minister
He arms the Soviets
Fyodor Raskolnikov
Kronstadt Sailors
Soviet, not Bolshevik.
Peace, bread, and land.
Leon Trotsky
Leader of Red Army
Brilliant military leader
Born as Lev Davidovich Bronstien