Unit 8

Module 41

Emotion: a response of the whole organism involving 1)physiological response 2)expressive behaviors and 3) conscious experience

James-Lange Theory- The theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion arousing stimuli.

Cannon-bard theory- The theory tat an emotion arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers 1) physiological responses and 2) the subjective experience of emotion

Two Factor Theory- The Schachter- Singer Theory that to experience emotion one must 1) be physically aroused and 2) cognitively label the arousal

Zajonc- believed that some embodied responses of emotions happen instantly, without conscious appraisal

Polygraph- a machine, commonly used in attempts to detect lies, that measures several of the physiological responses

Lazarus- believed that cognitive appraisal sometimes without our awareness- defines emotion

Emotional Arousal- elated excitement and panicky fear involve similar physiological arousal. This allows us to flip rapidly between two emotions.

Module 44

Psychophysiological illness: literally mind-body illness; any stress related physical illness, such as hypertension and some headaches.

Psychoneuroimmunology – the study of how psychological, neural and endocrine and processes together affect the immune system and resulting health

Lymphocytes: the two types of white blood cells that are part of the body‘s immune system:
B lymphocytes form in the bone marrow and release antibodies that fight bacterial infections;
T lymphocytes form in the thymus and other lymphatic tissue and attack cancer cells, viruses and foreign substances

Coronary heart disease: the clogging of the battles that nourish the heart muscle; the leading cause of death in many developing countries.


Type A: Friedman and Rosenman’s term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive and anger prone people

Type B: Friedman and Rosa men’s term for easy-going, relaxed people

Stressed people are more vulnerable to getting sick, liver and heart diseases

Module 40

Belonging needs can be seen as a survival technique through the evolutionary psychology view.

Social Exclusion and Ostracism can be very painful, and out us at risk physically and mentally.

Love activates regions of the brain associated with reward systems.
We tend to open up more when networking with others about ourselves.
Strategies are a good way for us to maintain our relationships and balance that with work.

Module 42

Facial Expressions are the most universal language, with women and introverts being better at reading people.

Gestures and the amount of emotion displayed vary over cultures

Facial Feedback Theory: the tendency of facial muscle states to trigger corresponding feelings

Stress: the process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as challenging or threatening

Hans Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome: 1. Alarm 2. Resistance 3. Exhaustion

Stressors include 1. Catastrophes, 2. Significant Life Changes and 3. Daily Hassles

Tend and Befriend Response: common in women, reaction to a stressor where others bond with and seek support from others

Walter Cannon came up with the idea of the "Fight or Flight" response.
Adrenal glands secrete glucocorticoid stress hormones in times of stress.
Stress over long periods of time damage neurons permanently