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FUN9: Bacterial Infection (extracellular response (clearance (neutrophils,…
FUN9: Bacterial Infection
extracellular response
inflamm + complement
clearance
neutrophils
phagocytes
T helper cells activate B cells
IgG = promotor
intracellular response
MHC1 presentation
cytotoxic T cells
activate infected cells
halts infection
antibodies ineffective
Direct Responses
to candida (yeast)
TLR 2,4, C type lectin R
Produces IL1,6,23, TNF,
To microbacteria (TB)
TLR 1,2,6, complement R
Produces IL1,TNF,IL12
to helminth
TLR 2
IL 10+14
PRR types
Cell surface Rs
TLRs + C lectin Rs
Endosome Rs
TLR 3,7,9
senses DNA/RNA
Cytosolic Rs
RLRs - viral RNA
NLRs - damage
CDSs - microbial DNA
T Helper subsets
Th 1
IL12
intracellular bacteria
macrophage activation, IgG
! autoimmunity
IFN gamma
macrophage activator
upregs costim R B7 + costim L CD40
increases antigen presentation
activates NO synthase
Th 2
IL 4,5,10
helminth + tissue repair
mast cell/eosinophil/basophil activation, IgE, IgG
! asthma + allergy
Th 17
IL 17 (antimicrobial peptide production)
extracellular bacteria + yeast
neutrophil + monocyte activation, inflamm
! autoimmunity + inflamm disease due to excess IgG
IL22
Intracellular bacteria
infect phagocytes + replicate inside
prevent phagolysosome formation
e.g. TB
enters alv. macrophages via airways
granulomas (enclosed clusters of immune cells) can form
tissue damage
T Reg (suppressor) Cells
secrete TGF beta
! deficiency = autoimmunity
made by CD4s
some self-reactive T cells change to these