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energy and potential difference in circuits (current (experiments (measure…
energy and potential difference in circuits
series vs parallel
domestic lighting: parallel
series: if one thing breaks, whole circuit breaks (one path)
parallel: if one thing breaks, other parts of circuit keep going (multiple paths)
series
current depends on applied voltage and number and resistance of other components
current
varies with voltage in wires, resistors, metal filament lamps and diodes
experiments
measure current around a lamp using an ammeter in series circuit with different voltages
measure current of a lamp using an ammeter in series circuit changing voltage
changing resistance
if V=IR and V is constant, then if R decreases I increases and if R increases then I decreases
if lamp is on, current is flowing
resistance
LDR
as illumination increases, resistance decreases (low light, high resistance)
may be used in street lighting
thermistors
as temp increases, resistance decreases
equations
V = IR
voltage is the energy transferred per unit of charge
a volt is a joule per coulomb
who does voltage prefer? joules over coulomb
Q = It
Current (I) in solid metallic conductors is a flow of negatively charged electrons