Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Clifton's Mind Map (Chapter 1 (Foundations of Distance Education…

- - - - Mainstreamed choice of education
      - Creates conflict for distant educators
      - Universities are offering virtual schools
      - Students can easily interact with students and teachers from remote sites using video conference(Simonson, Smaldino, & Zvacek, 2015, p. 22)
      - Video conference acts in place of traveling
    - - Integration within companies becomes
        a standard
      - User-friendly and Cost effective
      - Video conferencing is popular choice for meetings
      - The work group is continuously connected for the sharing of video, audio, and informatio(Simonson, Smaldino, & Zvacek, 2015, p. 23)
    - - Cons
        
        Privacy, Confidentiality and Security
        
        Payment Policy
        
        Malpractice Liability
        
        Professional Liscensure
      - Pros
        
        Remote Monitoring
        
        Remote Education
        
        Remote Consutation
        
        Telementoring
    - - Eminent historian Frederick Jackson ran the correspondence program of the University of Wisconsin in the late 1800's(Simonson, Smaldino, & Zvacek, 2015, p. 10)
      - The foundations of the Internet were begun by the U.S. Department of Defense and by a number of research universities as a way to share scientific and technical information between scientist(Simonson, Smaldino, & Zvacek, 2015, p. 10).
      - The United States Distance Learning Association is a profession organization of those involved in distance learning(Simonson, Smaldino, & Zvacek, 2015, p. 10)
        .
      - IP stands for Internet Protocol, the rules used to send information over the interne(Simonson, Smaldino, & Zvacek, 2015, p. 10)
- - - - Independent Study
        
        Developed by Charles Wedemeyer,He proposed a reorganization of the elements developed on the independent study theory that would, accommodate physical space and allow greater learner freedom(Simonson, Smaldino, & Zvacek, 2015, p. 43)
      - Interaction and Communication
        
        According to Borje Holmberg, he stated that his theory had explanatory value in relating teaching effectiveness to the impact of feelings of belonging and cooperation in addition to, actual exchange of questions, answers and argument in mediated communication(Simonson, Smaldino, & Zvacek, 2015, p. 46)
      - Synthesis of Existing Theories
        
        According to Hilary Perraton, this theory of distance education is composed of elements from existing theories of communication and diffusion(Simonson, Smaldino, & Zvacek, 2015, p. 49)
      - Andragogy
        
        According to Malcolm Knowles, this is relevant because most often adults are enrolled in distant education. Andragogy deals with frameworks for programs designed for adult learners(Simonson, Smaldino, & Zvacek, 2015, p. 48)
      - Theory of Industrialization of Teaching
        
        Developed by Otto Peters, he stated that within the complexity of overall distance teaching activity, one or more areas has been exposed to to investigation that had been regularly omitted from traditional analysis(Simonson, Smaldino, & Zvacek, 2015, p. 46)
    - - Correspondence study
        
        Distance education, in the form of correspondence study, was established in Germany by Charles Toussaint and Gustav Langenscheidt(Simonson, Smaldino, & Zvacek, 2015, p. 36)
      - Electronic Communications
        
        In the United States, Advances in electronic communications technology helped to determine the dominant medium of distance education(Simonson, Smaldino, & Zvacek, 2015, p. 38)
      - Distance Teaching Universities
        
        The 1962 decision that the University of South Africa would become a distance teaching university brought about a fundamental change in the way distance education was practiced in much of the world(Simonson, Smaldino, & Zvacek, 2015, p. 39)
    - - Geographic separation
        
        Geographic separation was inherent in distance learning. In addition, Accessibility and convenience were important advantages of this mode of education(Simonson, Smaldino, & Zvacek, 2015, p. 32)
      - Interactive Telecommunications
        
        The connections of learners,teachers and instructional resources became less dependent on physical proximity as communication systems became more sophisticated and widely available (Simonson, Smaldino, & Zvacek, 2015, p. 32)
      - Learning Community
        
        The learning community consisted of students, a teacher and instructional resources(Simonson, Smaldino, & Zvacek, 2015, p. 32)
      - Institution-based
        
        By definition, distant education was carried out through institutions. It was not self study or a non-academic learning environment(Simonson, Smaldino, & Zvacek, 2015, p. 31)