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Chapter 2 (Perceiving Others (Influences (Occupational Roles (The kind of…

- - - - Perceptual Schemata
        
        how we give order to the selected info
        
        Physical constructs
        
        classify people according to appearance
        
        Role constructs
        
        use social position
        
        Interaction constructs
        
        social behavior
        
        ex. friendly, sarcastic
        
        Psychological constructs
        
        internal states of mind and dispositions
        
        Ex, confident, insecure
  - - - Ex. Is the person smiling at you flirting or just being friendly?
  - - - intense stimuli
        
        changes/contrasts
        
        Ex. not appreciating someone until they are gone
    - - motives
        
        Ex. in emergency only searching for help
    - - optimist vs. pessimist
  - - - age, health, biological cycles, neurology
    - - Social expectations about femininity/masculinity
        
        Ex. my boyfriends parents always told him boys don't cry
        
        Ex. men tend to rate verbal and nonverbal behaviors as more flirtactious and seductive
    - - The kind of work we do governs our view of the world
      - Ex. guards and prisoners experiment
    - - Ex. Parent noticing how much people swear when around their children
  - - - Stereotypes: exaggerated beliefs assocsciated w/ a categorizing system, leads to mistaken assumptions ex. mistrust of a whole race
        
        Self serving bias:Judge ourselves more charitably
        
        Pay more attention Negative Impressions
        
        Influenced by Obvious
        
        Cling to first impressions (even if wrong)
        
        We assume others are like us
  - - - Crafted identity
        
        More likely to share things they wouldn't in person
  - - - Dimensions of Empathy
        
        Perspective Taking
        
        The ability to take on the viewpoint of another
        
        2.Emotional
        
        Allows you to experience what others are feeling
        
        Concern
        
        Genuinely caring about others wellbeing
      - A personal sense of another's experience
    - - Do not necessarily share the other's experience
  - - - 2 possible interpretations of the behavior
        
        I wasnt sure if you were mad at me or in a hurry.
      - Request for clarification about how to interpret the behavior
        
        How did you feel?
      - A description of behavior you notices
        
        Ex. When you stomped out of the room and slammed the door I wasnt sure if you were mad at me or in a hurry.
- - - - Reflects how we view ourselves
  - - - how we develop an images of ourselves from the way we think others view us
        
        Messages from significant others (people we value) very powerful
        
        ex. how I view myself as a girlfriend as influenced by my boyfriend
    - - how we evaluate ourselves in terms of how we compare with others
        
        ex. Am I pretty or ugly compared to models?
    - - Ex. Western cultures being individualistic
  - - - Ex. If you had a bad experience with a professor in the past you will probably behave in nervous ways when interacting with a new professor, which influences how the professor views you, which then influences how they respond to you, probably in ways that reinforce the beginning self concept
    - - "Self fulfilling prophecy"
        
        When a suspected outcome and subsequent behavior made the expected outcome more likely
        
        2 types
        
        Expectation influence behavior
        
        Ex. When i was nervous about a job interview and in turn was jittery and acted nervous therefore not doing well
        
        One persons expectations governs anothers actions
        
        Ex.randomly selected children showing higher iq after teachers being told they had lots of potential.Teachers being told this effected their behavior to those students.
- - - - Perceived Self-a reflection of the self concept, who you perceive yourself to be in honest self examination
        
        Presenting Self
        
        Public Image
        
        Face
        
        Erving Goffman
        
        Facework
        
        verbal and nonverbal ways we act to maintain presenting image/images of others
        
        1 more item...
  - - - ex. handling a minor complaint with my friend about not being invited to a party
        
        Conscious or Unconscious
        
        Frame Switching-Adopting the persp. of diff. cultures
        
        Scripts- Habitual, Reflexive ways of behaving
        
        Differing in degrees person to person
  - - - To accomplish personal goals
        
        Ex. Dressing up nice to court to convince judge to be easier on you
  - - - Choice to be honest
        
        Ex. customer being rude at work, not believing the have a right to be rude to me
        
        Multiple honest ways to behave