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Mu1 - Describing fractures (Avulsion (Insertion point of tendon/ligament…
Mu1 - Describing fractures
Fracture classification
Aetiology
Bones
Position within bone
direction of fracture line(s)
Number of fracture line(s)
Relative displacement of fracture fragments
Pathological fracture
Secondary to underlying pathological proces
Normal loading results in fracture
Nutritional disease
Neoplasia
Infection
Fracture location
Diaphyseal
Bone shaft
Metaphyseal
Potential GP damage
Watch for angular deformity developing
Physeal (GP)
Cartilage surrounded by bone (weak)
Salter-Harris
Seperation GP
GP & Metaphysis
GP & Epiphysis
Epiphysis --> GP --> MEtaphysis
Crush - Overload GP
Epiphyseal
GP dmage
Articular (joint) involvement
Must achieve accurate anatomical reduction & rigid fixation
Fracture types
Incomplete
Greenstick
Skeletally immature
bone incompletely mineralise
Secondary skeletal demineralisation
Portion cortex intact
stabilised to some extent
Fissure
Undisplayed run along context from major fracture line
Transverse
Fracture line perpendicular to long axis of bone
Oblique
Run at an angle perpendicular to long axis of bone
Segmental
Free bone segments
Spiral
Similar to long oblique (Over 45 degrees)
Wrap around edges of long bone
Multifragmentary
"Comminuted"
More than 2 fractures
Degree of displacement
Displaced
Undisplaced
If stable likely heal with no treatment/external support
Direction distal bone fragments described
Avulsion
Insertion point of tendon/ligament
bone fractured & distracted from rest of bone
Tibial tuberosity
Olecranon
Elective osteotomy
Along physics in skeletally immature animals
Muscular/ligament insertions in skeletally mature animals
Need to neutralise distractive forces during fracture repair
Impacted
Fracture ends driven together
Stable
Managed conservatively
