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World Religions (Judaism (Origin: (Israel), It began in 1812 B.C. (Father:…

- - - - Father Abraham
        
        Moses led the Exodus of the Israelites out of Egypt and across the Red Sea, after which they based themselves at Mount Sinai, where Moses received the Ten Commandments.
        
        The Torah is the central reference of Judaism. It has a range of meanings. It can most specifically mean the first five books of the 24 books of the Tanakh, and it usually includes the rabbinic commentaries.
        
        The basic beliefs are that it is one of the oldest monotheistic religions, teaching the belief in one God. Both Christianity and Islam have similarities with Judaism. These religions accept the belief in one God and the moral teachings of the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament), which includes the Torah
        
        Goal of Judaism:c
        "is to somehow carry out the ideals — the values — which man apprehends to be godly in our lives. So the goal of Judaism is to live lives in harmony with God."
        
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- - - - India
        
        Rituals:
        
        Puja (worship) and recitations, meditation, family-oriented rites of passage, annual festivals, and occasional pilgrimages.
        
        Truth is eternal, Brahman is truth and reality, the Vedas are the ultimate authority, everyone should strive to achieve dharma, Individual souls are immortal, the goal of the individual soul is moksha.
        
        Goal of Hindus:
        
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- - - - Started in Nepal
        
        Practice ways:
        
        Samadhi:
        
        Concentration, meditation, mental development
        
        Sila:
        
        Virture, good conduct, morality
        
        Prajna:
        
        Discemment, insight, wisdom, enlightenment
        
        Major concepts of belief:
        
        The four noble truths:
        
        All suffering is caused by Tanha. (Tanha is personal desire)
        
        Tanha can be overcome
        
        Life is suffering
        
        The way to overcome it is through the eightfold path
        
        Eightfold path:
        
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        Goal of religion:
        
        Reach nirvana or enlightenment
        
        "The mind is everything. What you think you become." - Buddha
        
        488 million people practice Buddhism
- - - - Started in Japan
        
        The Torii gate is a religious symbol that is marked at the entrance to a sacred space.
        
        Festivals:
        
        Haru Matsuri (Spring festivals)
        
        Aki Matsuri (Autmn festivals)
        
        Seijin Shiki (Adults' Day)
        
        Shichigosan
        
        Oshogatsu (New Year)
        
        Rei-sai (Annual festival)
        
        Matsuri
        
        Major concepts:
        
        Mountains
        
        Trees
        
        Rain
        
        Rivers
        
        Wind
        
        Fertility
        
        Goal:
        
        to keep away evil spirits by purification, prayers and offerings to the kami.
        
        Kojiki or 'Records of Ancient Matters' is their Holy Book
        
        Practices:
        
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        Do not be sluggish in your work.
        
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- - - - Urification, meditation and offerings to deities are their rituals
        
        Major Concepts:
        
        Simplicity
        
        detachment
        
        Spontaneity
        
        Wu Wei
        
        Naturalness
        
        Tao does not have any ultimate goal. It believes in totality. It does not believe in enlightenment.
        
        The Tao Te Ching is their Holy Book
        
        They practice the way of nature as well as how to achieve balance between conflicting forces. It is a religion of opposites and unity.
        
        “Simplicity, patience, compassion." - Lao Tzu
        
        12 million people practice Taoism
- - - - Started in China
        
        They celebrate the Chinese New Year and the Ghost Festival, among others. The two unique Confucian holidays are the Ching Ming Festival and Confucius's Birthday.
        
        Major concepts:
        
        human-heartedness; goodness; benevolence, man-to-man-ness; what makes man distinctively human (that which gives human beings their humanity)
        
        Achieving harmony is the goal.
        
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- - - - Paul of Tarus is a Jewish Roman citizen and he really helped the spread of Christianity
        
        Desciples: a person who learns from another
        
        Gospel: a message expected to have positive reception or effect
        
        Messiah: an extremely powerful divine figure
        
        the second part of the Christian Bible
        
        How to live life and how to go to heaven
        
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