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SDI (Pro (Economy ("SDI wasa challenge to them to build more missiles…
SDI
Pro
Economy
"SDI wasa challenge to them to build more missiles to overcome the defense, or a way of persuading them that it was futile to go on building these missiles because we would deploy defences to nuetralize them" ( Pryce-Jones (or Perle) 122).
" [Gorbachev] understood that their only recourse was further offensive development at a point when they were already operating near maximum capability. Here was a race which could not be won.
"Soviet scientific and technological lobbies were eager to compete for funds to design and build a counterpart to the American programme... The budgetary imbalance built up like a steam in a pressure-cooker"( Service 61).
The State Department's Directorate of Intelligence and Research had always maintained the USSR could not balance its finances unless it coul induce the Americans to drop their programme"( Service 191)
Relatiopns
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"SDI had political importance because it persuaded Gorbachev and others to questions whether continuing military competition with the U.S. was of interest. It further drove home Soviet technological inferiority" (Pryce-Jones (Perle)122)
"Such retaliations... could only coem through new offensive technologies or through massive increases in the throw weight of Soviet missiles, well beyond what the SALT agreements would allow for" (Westad 523)
Negotiations
"Whereas Weinberger treated the Strategic Defensive Initiative as a way of making an arms deal unlikely, Shultz wanted to use it as a barraging tool" (Service 145)
"All American politicians and negotiators had the sense that the Initiate was shaking the Kremlin's self confidence" (Service 192)
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Con
Relations
"The President was concerned that the Soviets would regard a decision to supplement our offensive forces with defenses as an attempt to achieve a first-strike capability. That is exactly how they are interpreting our program. That is why they say there will be no agreement on offensive weapons if we continue to pursue Star Wars in a way which will place them at a strategic disadvantage if we abrogate the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty unilaterally" (125 Robert McNamera)
"First, all our technological genius and economic prowess cannot make us secure if it leaves the Soviet Union insecure; we can either have mutual security or mutual insecurity" (126 Robert McNamera ).
"That requires invulnerable forces that could, without question, respond to any attack and inflict unacceptable damage. If those forces are to remain limited, it is equally essential that they do not threaten the opponent's deterrent. These factors would combine to produce a stable equilibrium in which the risk of nuclear war would be very remote"( Robert McNamera 126).
"Two adversaries face each other across a table. Each holds a loaded pistol aimed straight at the other's heart. Each can certainly kill the other, but each knows that to fire is suicide, for if one fires, the other's weapon will surely discharge, leaving both dead" (7 Craig Snyder).
" Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative had an impact only if one accepts Gorbachev's debatable assumption that the Soviet Union was obliged to stop it or math it" (Mann 250).
"By itself, it could at best have led to a prolonged stalemate during which the Soviet leadership, while unable to match American military spending, clung to power" (Mann 345)
"The Americans knew that the Politburo was secretly subsidizing its own parallel programme" (Service 276)
" The Soviets ... saw the Strategic Defense Initiative as a serius escalation and potentially a return to the worst days of the Cold War" (Bunch 83).
"The threat of a first strike is great during the building phase in a defensive transition, because each side knows that the utility of its offensive weapons will be reduced by the completion of the other's defenses." (Snyder 25).
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Economy
"The Soviet economy was foundering because of deep-seated and chronic problems that had little or nothing to do with the Reagan administration's policies" (Mann250)
" the Soviet Union might have sought to cut defense spending in the short term while slowly regaining strength over the long run" (Mann 250)
"CIA analysts have discovered in 1983, Soviet military spending had leveled off in 1975 to a growth rate of 1.3 percent, with spending for weapons procurements virtually flat. It remained that way for a decade." (Fitzerald 474).
" Spending for procurements of offensive strategic weapons however, increased by only 1.4 percent a year... In 1988 Gorbachev began a round of budget cuts, bringing defense budget back down to its 1980's level" (Fitzgerald 475).
Negotiations
"Gorbachev suggested that the UNited States and the Soviet Union cut by half their strategic weapons ... He also proposed that the two countries eliminate all their intermediate range missiles in Europe" (Mann 45)
"after coming tantalizingly close to the most far-reaching arms control agreement in the history of the Cold War, Reagan and Gorbachev walked out of the Reykjavik summit with no deal" (Mann45)
" SDI is not defensive. If you develop a shield against[strategic] ballistic missiles, you could launch a first strike... Why do it at all? Why not just eliminate nuclear missiles themselves?" (Service (Gromyko) 115
"the Star Wars plan ... tamped down early talk of Soviet reforms, especially when the younger and change-oriented Gobachev arrived on the scebe, because Reagan's words complicated the new leader's relations with his own hawks" (Bunch 83).
" the general effect of Cold War extremism was to delay rather than hasten the great change that overtook the country" (Bunch 83).
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