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The First Civil War, 1642-46 (1645 (Parliamentary forces were reorganised…
The First Civil War, 1642-46
1645
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Under the Self-Denying Ordinance, all members of parliament agreed to resign their military commands and were replaced by generals of proven miliatary ability
Parliamentary forces were reorganised into a single army, the New Model Army. It was placed under the command of a professional soldier
Sir Thomas Fairfax, with Oliver Cromwell given command of cavalry
New Model Army was crucial in parliaments conduct of the war. Final key battle of the war, at Naseby in June, royalists completly overwhelmed
1644
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Scots had concluded the Solemn League and Covenant, promising parliament help from the Scottish army.
The second major battle of the war, and the largest ever fought on English soil took place at Marston Moor in Yorkshire and a comprehensive victory for the parliamentary forces
1643
Royalists forces were organised to make a three-pronged attack on London from the north, the south-west, and the west.
However, parliaments control of the navy thwarted this plan. The naval bases of Hull, Plymouth and Gloucester provided strongholds for parliamentary forces and deterred royalists commander from moving against London
1642
Charles in a strong position at the outbreak of the war. Had the support of the nobility and the gentry, many royalists generals were professional soldiers that had fought in Thirty Years War.
First major battle, at Edgehill in Warwickshire, did not have either side a clear victory, allowed royalists forced to march south, hoping to take London
King's armies were held up at Turnham Green by a large band of volunteers who prevented the royalists from taking the capital.
1646
As royalists lost ground throughout the country, Charles left his stronghold at Oxford and surrendered to the scots
Oxford fell to parliamentary forces in June, bringing the First Civil War to an end.