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Gyroscopic Principle (2 Laws Of Gyrodynamics (Rotating body is mounted in…
Gyroscopic Principle
2 Laws Of Gyrodynamics
- Rotating body is mounted in a way that
- has freedom of movement about any axis,
- passing through its center of mass
Result: Any force applied perpendicular to plane of rotation
- will transfer 90˚ around the body in direction of rotation and
- cause body to move in the direction of that force
Thus;
- Apply force to Rim of spinning rotor perpendicularly
- Force transfers 90˚ around rim in direction of spin
- Rotor will tilt/veer in that direction instead of direction of applied force
-This direction is called Precession
- Rotating body mounted in a way that
- has complete freedom of movement about any axis
- passing through its center of mass is permitted
Result:
- Spin axis fixed in inertia space
- However much the frame moves.
- I.e Free gyro > spin axis point at a precise position in space
What they are
-
Rotor assembly
The Rotor
- Mounted in a ring
- that pivots in another ring
- that pivots in a heavy frame
Arrangement allows for
- Rotor freedom of movement about three
- Which passses through center of gravity of rotor
- and are perpendicular ot each other
- Spin axis AA
- Horizontal axis BB
Vertical axis CC
-The two rings are called gimbals
Gyroscopic properties
Important properties
Rigidity
-
Depends on 3 factors
Mass
- greater mass
- greater resistance offeres to change direction of plane of rotation
- Usually made of heavy metal e.g brass
angular speed
- Greater speed
- Greater resistance offered
- Controlled speeds of 20,000 rpm to ensure rigidity
-
Precession
-
Sperry's rule
Predicts direction of precession if
- Direction of rotation
- Direction of disturbing force
are known
- Follow plane of force onto rim of rotor
2.Move application of force on the rotor rim 90 around the rim in the direction of rotation of rotor
- Precession occurs on direction of force at new point of application
Factors
-
Angular velocity
- Slower the rotor spins
- Greater the rate of precession
Moment of inertia
- Greater the moment of inertia
- Slower rate of precession
Gyroscopic models
Displacement Gyro
- 2 axes of freedom
- maintain spin axis during aircraft manoeuvres
- gimbals allow the casing to move while spin axis remains fixed
- relative movement between casing and rotor detected as aircraft movement
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