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Cell and Tissue Injury (Accumulation cells trying to handle excess…

- - - - extracellular signals such as athe fas ligand, bind to the cell and trigger the death cascade through activation of 'death receptors'
      - when survival signals are not reached by a cell, apoptosis is activated
      - irreversible
      - cell death resulting from activation of intracellular signaling cascades that cause cell suicide. apoptosis is tidy and not usually associated with systemic manifestations of inflammation
      - no inflammatory response (unless pyrotosis is taking place), broken cell bits are ingested by neighbouring cells
    - - inflammatory response, usually with fever, malaise, increased HR and WBC count, and loss of appetite
      - 4 types of tissue necrosis (in detail in other coggle
        
        coagulative - most common
        
        Liqufactive // Colliquative
        
        Fat
        
        Caseous
        
        Gangrene
        
        dry gangrene
        
        wet gangrene
      - cell breaks down and leaks tissues.
- - - - 2 - formation of reactive oxygen molecules (free radicals)
      - 3 - subsequent inflammation
      - 1 - calcium overload - when i cell goes from reversible to irriversible.
  - - - protein oxidation
      - DNA oxidation
      - lipid peroxidation
  - - - 'the bends' deep dea divers, explosions
    - - physical contact by blunt objects like a fist or hitting the pavement in a car crash
    - - hypothermic and hyperthermic injury
    - - electrical current damages tissues by disruption of neural and cardiac impulses, and hyperthermic disruption of tissues.
    - - Cell DNA is susceptible to damage from radiation exposure.
  - - - this can be more damaging than an infectious agent.
  - - - iron deficiency anemia
    - - diabetes mellitus when excess amount of glucose remain in the bloodstream.. when cells that do not require insulin take in glucose.
      - excess body fat.