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Integrated (WSUD by Armitage et al., 2014* (Issues associated with WSUD…
Integrated
WSUD by Armitage et al., 2014*
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Water system approach
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Water-sensitive system-cyclical, integrated approach
Integrative research-Max Neef, 2005. To address complex societal issues, we need to look beyond mono-disciplinary problem-solving. Inquiry that occurs across disciplines, fields and problem-based areas using these interactly and seamlessly
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Water sensitive design
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Sustainable water management_george ekama_sustainability from treated fresh water is greater than the value of energy recovered.
Wastewater separation(urine diversion) and dual water distribution systems that allow salt water use for toilet flushing (Sulphate reduction systems, like SANI, required to prevent sewer crown corrosion)
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Western Cape Water Dpt
Water Consumption: Residential consumption greater than non-residential consumption and peaks during Nov-March period. Domestic consumption: 55% houses, 9.5% flats and complexes and 3.6% informal settlments
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Water supply_Armitage: Demand reduction by education, increased tariffs and restricted supply. water use instead of consumption. Looks at factors that affect demand and looks at public vs privatisation debate.
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The IWA principles of water wise cities: tries to promote a paradigm shift by instilling these ideas" do more with less-see city densification as both an opportunity and a threat-plan for uncertainties. 4 levels of action: 1) regenerative water services 2)water sensitive urban design 3)Basin connected cities 4) water-wise communities. Will require 5 building blocks: shared vision, integrated governance, knowledge and capacity regarding interdisciplinary approaches and successful case studies, planning tools (integrated risk assessment and better identifiation of benefits and co-benefits) and implementation tools and policies
Hedden an Cilliers_Emerging water crisis in SA-identifies proposed route forward by NDP and NWRS2-identifies shortfall of proposed route and suggests means of 'closing the gap' in terms of supply and demand
Sanitation in circular economy - tackles sustainable development goal (SDG6) - opportunity for developing countries to leapfrog developed countries, but also identifies risks to overcome
Environmental risk: 60% of the 223 recognized river ecosystems are threatened and 25% of those critically endangered. Situation is even worse with the 792 recognized wetlands (Hedden and Cilliers)