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Realism (Realist techniques (The use of diegetic sound and music on the…
Realism
Realist techniques
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Naturalistic acting
This is a style of acting which attempts to create an illusion of reality. In naturalistic acting, performers will use every-day physical movements rather than extravagant and unrealistic poses and will aim to speak their lines in a manner which feels believable and sound authentic.
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Location shooting
This is the practice of filming in the actual setting in which a story takes place rather than on a constructed set.
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Deep focus
The use of deep focus means that the mise-en-ecene is more significant and meaningful, as everything can be seen very clearly
To achieve deep focus there is usually a large depth of field, which refers to a large distance between the foreground and the background.
The cinematographer must manipulate lighting, composition, camera lens and depth of field.
The long take
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It can bring fluency to a sequence and raise tension, as it is often used to build towards a climax.
A long continuous shot, which may last for several minutes without a cut.
Terminology
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Indexicality
Refers to the degree to which an image Seems 'real', its indexical link
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Cultural verisimilitude
The degree to which a fictional work reflects the cultural and/or historical context of the real world
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André Bazin
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He argued that film perfectly imitated our normal visual experience of reality and that because it imitates reality, it is therefore an art form.
He identified DEEP FOCUS PHOTOGRAPHY and the LONG TAKE as essential in maintaining the unity of both time and space in scenes. this is because both techniques allow events to unfold in an uninterrupted way. He saw editing, on the other hand, as detracting from reality, separating a scene into shots and therefore increasing the degree of intervention by the director.
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The found footage genre
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Events are typically seen through the camera of one or more of the characters involved, often accompanied by their real-time, off-camera commentary
For added realism, the cinematography may be done by the actors themselves as they perform, and shaky camera work and naturalistic acting are routinely employed.
Genre conventions
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constant reframing reminds the audience of camera's presence, which enhances realism
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