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B2 (Digestive system (Liver (Produces bile), Gall bladder (Stores bile…
B2
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Respiratory System
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The trachea branches into two bronchi (one to each lung). Pleural membranes surround each lung. Cartilage rings in the walls of the trachea help to keep it open.
The bronchi split into smaller and smaller tubes called bronchioles. These end in microscopic air sacs called alveoli. There is a muscular diaphragm below the lungs.
Photosythesis
the process by which plants make carbohydrates from raw materials, using energy from light
absorbed light energy is used to convert carbon dioxide (from the air) and water (from the soil) into a sugar called glucose
light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll - a green substance found in chloroplasts in green plant cells and algae
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Circulatory System
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a system of tubes (arteries, capillaries and veins)
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Blood
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Blood transports materials and heat around the body, and helps to protect against disease
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Transport in plants
Xylem
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consists of elongated dead cells, arranged end to end to form continuous vessels (tubes).
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Phloem
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phloem vessels contain cytoplasm, and this goes through holes from one cell to the next.
Plants have tissues to transport water, nutrients and minerals
Biological Molecules
A nutrient is a substance which is needed for growth, repair and metabolism
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Gas Exchange in Plants
Plants respire during the day and night, but they only photosynthesise during the day when it is light:
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