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B1 (Stem Cells (Animal (Most types of animal cells differentiate at an…

- - - - they become specialised for a particular function and cannot change into different types of cell
- - - - This is why people can be identified using DNA fingerprinting
- - - - Controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell
    - - Most chemical processes take place here, controlled by enzymes
    - - Most energy is released by respiration here
    - - Contains genetic material, which controls the activities of the cell
    - - Protein synthesis happens here
  - - - Contain chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for photosynthesis
    - - Filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid
    - - Strengthens the cell
- - - - Function
        Contains haemoglobin to carry oxygen to the cells.
        
        Adaptation
        Thin outer membrane to let oxygen diffuse through easily. Shape increases the surface area to allow more oxygen to be absorbed efficiently. No nucleus, so the whole cell is full of haemoglobin.
    - - Function
        Fertilizes an egg cell
        
        Adaptation
        The head contains genetic information and an enzyme to help penetrate the egg cell membrane. The middle section is packed with mitochondria for energy. The tail moves the sperm to the egg.
  - - - Function
        Absorbs light energy for photosynthesis Packed with chloroplasts. Regular shaped, closely
        
        Adaption
        Packed with chloroplasts. Regular shaped, closely packed cells form a continuous layer for efficient absorption of sunlight.
    - - Function
        Absorbs water and mineral ions from the soil
        
        Adaption
        Long 'finger-like' process with very thin wall, which gives a large surface area.
- - - - Reproduce quickly and effectively