Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Genetics (Pedigree (A method of tracking a genetic disorder through a…
Genetics
Pedigree
A method of tracking a genetic disorder through a family lineage
Square= male
Circle= female
Shaded in= has the disorder
carrier= Heterozygous. Does not have the disorder but can pass it down
Male-patterned baldness
Hemaphilia
Color-blindedness
Mutations
Random changes in DNA
Silent
Produces no change
Substitution
Substitutes one base for another
Frameshift
Shifts the entire codon sequence
Missense
Produces a new amino acid
Nonsense
Introduces a premature stop codon
Karyotype
A picture of chromosomes in order to determine any genetic disorders
Klinefelters
A male individual with an extra X
Turners
Female individual with just 1 X chromosome
Trisomy 21 or Down syndrome
Having an extra 21st chromosome
Nondisjunction
An event in which chromosomes do not separate during meiosis causing the genetic disorders above
Mendel
Studied pea plants
Easy and quick to grow
Self pollinate
Had visible variation
Law of Segregation
Genes separate indepdently
Law of independent assortment
Gametes separate independently
Law of Dominance
One allele is dominant over the other
Punnett Square
A method to solve the ratios of a cross
Genotype
The actual genetic combination
Phenotype
The physical characteristics that are expressed
Dihybrid cross
A cross involving two different alleles: Produces a 9:3:3:1 ratio
Allele
Different types of a trait
Homozygous
AA or aa
Heterozygous
Aa
Inheritance patterns
Codominance
Both alleles are shown at one to give spots or strips
A cross between a black and white chicken get a black and white spotted chicken
Incomplete dominance
The alleles are shown to produce a blend of colors
A cross between red and white flowers make pink flowers
Trait
A physical description of a gene
Gene
Coded region of DNA